Table 1. Characteristics of periodontally healthy controls and chronic periodontitis patients.
| Characteristics | Healthy (n = 64) |
Chronic periodontitis | Total (n = 170) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early (n = 32) |
Moderate (n = 39) |
Severe (n = 35) |
|||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 39 (60.9%) | 15 (46.9%) | 19 (48.7%) | 21 (60.0%) | 94 (55.3%) |
| Female | 25 (39.1%) | 17 (53.1%) | 20 (51.3%) | 14 (40.0%) | 76 (44.7%) |
| Age group (years) | |||||
| 20–29 | 34 (53.1%) | 2 (6.3%) | 1 (2.6%) | 0 (0%) | 37 (21.8%) |
| 30–39 | 18 (28.1%) | 10 (31.3%) | 2 (5.1%) | 0 (0%) | 30 (17.6%) |
| 40–49 | 3 (4.7%) | 4 (12.5%) | 8 (20.5%) | 9 (25.7%) | 24 (14.1%) |
| 50–59 | 4 (6.3%) | 11 (34.4%) | 16 (41.0%) | 23 (65.7%) | 54 (31.8%) |
| ≥ 60 | 5 (7.8%) | 5 (15.6%) | 12 (30.8%) | 3 (8.6%) | 25 (14.7%) |
| Clinical attachment level (mm) | |||||
| <3.0 | 63 (98.4%) | 28 (87.5%) | 14 (35.9%) | 5 (14.3%) | 110 (64.7%) |
| ≥3.0 | 1 (1.6%) | 4 (12.5%) | 25 (64.1%) | 30 (85.7%) | 60 (35.3%) |
| Pocket depth (mm) | |||||
| <3.0 | 64 (100%) | 31 (96.9%) | 20 (51.3%) | 6 (17.1%) | 121 (71.2%) |
| ≥3.0 | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.1%) | 19 (48.7%) | 29 (82.9%) | 49 (28.8%) |
| Plaque index | |||||
| <25 | 52 (81.3%) | 16 (50.0%) | 21 (53.8%) | 13 (37.1%) | 102 (60.0%) |
| 25–49 | 11 (17.2%) | 13 (40.6%) | 11 (28.2%) | 16 (45.7%) | 51 (30.0%) |
| ≥50 | 1 (1.6%) | 3 (9.4%) | 7 (17.9%) | 6 (17.1%) | 17 (10.0%) |
| Number of teeth* | |||||
| ≤27 | 15 (23.4%) | 12 (37.5%) | 23 (59.0%) | 22 (62.9%) | 72 (42.4%) |
| >27 | 49 (76.6%) | 20 (62.5%) | 16 (41.0%) | 13 (37.1%) | 98 (57.6%) |
| Smoking history | |||||
| Never | 51 (79.7%) | 24 (75.0%) | 25 (64.1%) | 17 (48.6%) | 117 (68.8%) |
| Former | 10 (15.6%) | 6 (18.8%) | 8 (20.5%) | 9 (25.7%) | 33 (19.4%) |
| Daily | 3 (4.7%) | 2 (6.3%) | 6 (15.4%) | 9 (25.7%) | 20 (11.8%) |
| Oral care (dental floss, mouthwash) | |||||
| Yes | 54 (84.4%) | 25 (78.1%) | 23 (59.0%) | 19 (54.3%) | 121 (71.2%) |
| No | 10 (15.6%) | 7 (21.9%) | 16 (41.0%) | 16 (45.7%) | 49 (28.8%) |
| Scaling (within 6 months) | |||||
| Yes | 44 (68.75%) | 10 (31.3%) | 8 (20.5%) | 6 (17.1%) | 68 (40.0%) |
| No | 20 (31.25%) | 22 (68.8%) | 31 (79.5%) | 29 (82.9%) | 102 (60.0%) |
| Gargling frequency | |||||
| ≥3 | 54 (84.4%) | 22 (68.8%) | 12 (30.8%) | 15 (42.9%) | 103 (60.6%) |
| ≤2 | 10 (15.6%) | 10 (31.3%) | 27 (69.2%) | 20 (57.1%) | 67 (39.4%) |
| Insomnia | |||||
| No | 51 (79.7%) | 23 (71.9%) | 27 (69.2%) | 20 (57.1%) | 121 (71.2%) |
| Sometimes | 13 (20.3%) | 7 (21.9%) | 9 (23.1%) | 11 (31.4%) | 40 (23.5%) |
| Always | 0 (0%) | 2 (6.3%) | 3 (7.7%) | 4 (11.4%) | 9 (5.3%) |
*The mean number of teeth present in all subjects was 27.