Fig. 1.

Description of the study sample and patient portal use patterns. Enrolled—patients who had documented date of patient-portal account creation. Non-Enrolled—patients without date of patient-portal account creation. Users—patients who accessed any patient-portal function more than once during the study period, including the following: (a) viewed lab results or diagnostic imaging reports; (b) viewed an after visit summary; (c) viewed upcoming appointments; (d) used the medication refill request function; (e) used the free-text secure messaging function to message with a provider. Active-Users—users who accessed the medication refill request function and/or the free-text secure messaging function. Passive-User—users who only accessed patient-portal function to view information.