Table 2.
Clinical and echocardiographic variables of the increasedULN NSE group and stableULN NSE group.
| StableULN NSE (n = 29) | IncreasedULN NSE (n = 14) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 21 (72%) | 7 (50%) | 0.18 |
| Hypertension | 17 (58%) | 7 (50%) | 0.59 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (27%) | – | 0.04* |
| History of stroke/transient ischemic attack | – | 2 (14%) | 0.10 |
| Atherosclerotic heart disease | 5 (17%) | 2 (14%) | 1.0 |
| CHA2DS2 VASc score of ≥2 | 18 (62%) | 8 (57%) | 0.76 |
| LA diameter, cm | 4.1 (0.62) | 4.5 (0.55) | 0.02* |
| LVEDD, cm | 4.95 (0.37) | 5 (0.6) | 0.75 |
| LVESD, cm | 2.9 (0.65) | 3 (0.2) | 0.32 |
| sPAP, mmHg | 30 (8.75) | 35 (20) | 0.19 |
| LAA velocity, cm/s | 39.2 (33.32) | 32 (44) | 0.86 |
Values are given as n (%) or median (interquartile range).
*P < 0.05
The CHA2DS2 VASc score is a composite risk score comprising congestive heart failure (1 point), hypertension (1 point), age of ≥75 years (2 points), diabetes (1 point), stroke (2 points), age of ≥65 years (1 point), vascular disease (1 point), and female sex (1 point).
NSE, neuron-specific enolase; ULN, upper limit of normal; LA, left atrium; LAA, left atrial appendix; LVEDD, left-ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left-ventricular end-systolic diameter; sPAP, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure.