Table 1.
Chemical composition of the essential oils of commonly consumed herbs.
| Components |
M.s. % |
M.p. % |
C.l. % |
C.a. % |
M.c. % |
L.a. % |
O.b. % |
S.o. % |
O.v. % |
T.v. % |
RI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tricyclene | 0.3 | - | 0.4 | - | 0.2 | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | 926 |
| α-Thujene | 0.1 | - | - | 0.6 | - | 0.1 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 931 | ||
| α-Pinene | 0.1 | - | 2.9 | - | - | 0.2 | 0.1 | 4.8 | - | 1.2 | 939 |
| Camphene | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | - | 0.1 | 6.9 | - | 0.8 | 948 |
| Sabinene | 0.7 | 2.5 | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | 0.1 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 973 |
| β-Pinene | 0.4 | - | 17.3 | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | - | 0.4 | 980 |
| β-Myrcene | 2.3 | 0.5 | 1.72 | - | - | - | 0.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.0 | 991 |
| 3-Octanol | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 993 | ||
| δ-3-Carene | - | - | - | 6.2 | - | - | - | - | 2.2 | - | 1011 |
| α-Terpinene | - | 0.1 | - | - | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | - | - | 0.6 | 1018 |
| p-Cymene | 0.5 | 0.1 | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | 1.0 | 10.9 | 19.0 | 1026 |
| Limonene | 5.7 | 6.9 | 59.7 | 90.0 | 0.2 | 8.5 | 1.0 | 2.6 | - | 0.5 | 1030 |
| 1,8-Cineole | 3.0 | 5.6 | - | - | 0.4 | 3.3 | 0.8 | 8.7 | - | 0.8 | 1031 |
| cis-Ocimene | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | 1.7 | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | 1040 |
| trans-Ocimene | - | 0.2 | - | - | 1.9 | - | 0.5 | - | - | 1.3 | 1050 |
| γ-Terpinene | 1.3 | 0.3 | 11.2 | - | 0.1 | - | - | 0.4 | 10.8 | 4.0 | 1068 |
| cis-Linalool oxide | - | - | - | - | - | 2.4 | - | - | - | - | 1072 |
| Fenchone | - | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | - | - | - | - | 1087 |
| α-Terpinolene | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.3 | - | - | 1088 |
| trans-Sabinene hydrate | - | - | - | - | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | - | 1097 |
| Linalool | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | 27.2 | 69.3 | - | - | 0.7 | 1098 |
| α-Thujone | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 31.7 | - | - | 1102 |
| endo-Fenchol | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | 1112 |
| β-Thujone | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4.6 | - | - | 1114 |
| iso-3-Thujanol | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1133 |
| trans-Limonene oxide | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1137 |
| Camphor | - | - | - | - | - | 1.1 | 0.3 | 16.7 | - | 0.2 | 1143 |
| Menthone | 21.9 | 12.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1154 | ||
| Menthofuran | - | 6.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1164 | ||
| Borneol | - | - | - | - | - | 2.5 | 0.3 | 2.6 | - | 1.7 | 1165 |
| Menthol | 0.5 | 37.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1173 | ||
| Terpin-4-ol | 0.7 | - | - | - | - | 2.1 | - | 0.4 | - | 1.8 | 1177 |
| α-Terpineol | 0.3 | 4.2 | 0.6 | 0.1 | - | - | 1189 | ||||
| cis-Dihydrocarvone | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1193 |
| Methyl chavicol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.4 | - | - | - | 1195 |
| trans-Dihydrocarvone | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1200 |
| trans-Carveol | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1217 |
| Nerol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | 1228 |
| Thymol methyl ether | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | 1235 |
| Neral | - | - | 0.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1240 |
| Carvone | 49.5 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | 1242 |
| Pulegone | - | 1.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1243 |
| Carvacrol methyl ether | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | 1244 |
| Piperitone | 0.6 | 0.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1252 |
| Geraniol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.9 | - | - | - | 1253 |
| trans-Anethole | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1283 |
| Linalyl acetate | - | - | - | - | - | 27.5 | - | - | - | - | 1257 |
| Bornyl acetate | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.3 | - | - | - | 1285 |
| Lavandulyl acetate | - | - | - | - | - | 6.6 | - | - | - | - | 1289 |
| Thymol | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3.5 | 48.9 | 1290 |
| Menthyl acetate | - | 17.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1294 |
| trans-Pinocarvyl acetate | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | 1297 |
| Carvacrol | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 64.5 | 3.5 | 1298 |
| Eugenol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.4 | - | - | - | 1356 |
| Neryl acetate | - | - | 0.6 | - | - | 2.0 | - | - | - | - | 1365 |
| α-Copaene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | 1376 |
| Geranyl acetate | - | - | 0.6 | - | - | 3.0 | - | - | - | - | 1383 |
| β-bourbonene | 1.3 | 0.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1384 |
| β-Elemene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.8 | - | - | - | 1391 |
| β-Caryophyllene | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.4 | - | 0.4 | - | 0.6 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 1418 |
| α- trans-Bergamotene | - | - | 0.9 | - | - | - | 1.1 | - | - | - | 1436 |
| α-Guaiene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.1 | - | - | - | 1439 |
| ( Z)- β-Farnesene | 0.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1443 | |
| α-Humulene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | 3.4 | - | 0.3 | 1454 |
| trans-β-pharnesene | - | - | - | - | 43.5 | - | - | - | - | - | 1458 |
| Germacrene D | 0.2 | 0.5 | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | - | 0.3 | 1480 |
| β-Selinene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.0 | - | - | - | 1485 |
| α-Selinene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | - | - | - | 1494 |
| Bicyclogermacrene | - | 1.3 | - | - | 5.2 | - | - | - | - | - | 1495 |
| α-Zingiberene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | - | - | - | 1496 |
| α-Muurolene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | 1499 |
| trans-β-Guaiene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.1 | - | - | - | 1500 |
| Germacrene A | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1503 |
| β-Bisabolene | - | - | 1.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1509 |
| γ-Cadinene | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.5 | 0.1 | - | - | 1513 |
| δ-Cadinene | - | 0.8 | - | - | - | - | 1.1 | 0.1 | - | - | 1524 |
| trans-γ-Bisabolene | - | - | - | - | 8.5 | - | - | - | - | - | 1533 |
| cis-Nerolidol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | 1534 |
| α-Cadinene | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.2 | 1538 |
| Caryophyllene oxide | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.3 | - | - | 1581 |
| Viridiflorol | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | 3.0 | - | - | 1590 |
| epi-α-Muurolol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | 1641 |
| α-Cadinol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.6 | - | - | - | 1653 |
| Bisabolol oxide B | - | - | - | - | 9.0 | - | - | - | - | - | 1655 |
| Bisabolone oxide | - | - | - | - | 6.0 | - | - | - | - | - | 1682 |
| Chamazulene | - | - | - | - | 5.6 | - | - | - | - | - | 1725 |
| cis-Farnesol | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1713 |
| Bisabolol oxide A | - | - | - | - | 8.5 | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | 1744 |
| Total | 92.1 | 97.7 | 98.9 | 96.2 | 92.7 | 92.6 | 97.4 | 92.9 | 98.6 | 96.4 |
Plant abbreviations: M.s.: Mentha spicata; M.p.: Mentha piperita; C.l.: Citrus limon; C.a.: Citrus aurantium; M.c.: Matricaria chamomilla; L.a.: Lavandula angustifolia; O.b.: Ocimum basilicum; S.o.: Salvia officinalis; O.v.: Origanum vulgare; T.v.: Thymus vulgaris.