Table 1.

Compounds isolated from Bidens pilosa L.

N°.	Name	Alternative name	Structure	Plant part	Country	Ref.
Aliphatic natural products
Saturated unbranched hydrocarbons
1	heneicosane		CH3(CH2)19CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
2	dodosane		CH3(CH2)20CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
3	tricosane		CH3(CH2)21CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
4	tetracosane		CH3(CH2)22CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
5	pentacosane		CH3(CH2)23CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
6	hexacosane		CH3(CH2)24CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
7	heptacosane		CH3(CH2)25CH3	AP	Tanzania	[44]
8	octacosane		CH3(CH2)26CH3	NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
9	nonocosane		CH3(CH2)27CH3	NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
10	triacontane		CH3(CH2)28CH3	NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
11	hentriacontane		CH3(CH2)29CH3	NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
12	dotriacontane		CH3(CH2)30CH3	NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
13	tritriacontane		CH3(CH2)31CH3	NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
Saturated unbranched alcohols
14	2-butoxy-ethanol		CH3(CH2)3OCH2CH2OH	EP	Taiwan	[85]
15	tetracosan-1-ol		CH3(CH2)22CH2OH	AP	Tanzania	[44]
16	hexacosan-1-ol		CH3(CH2)24CH2OH	AP	Tanzania	[44]
17	1-octacosanol		CH3(CH2)26CH2OH	AP	Tanzania	[44]
18	1-hentriacontanol		CH3(CH2)29CH2OH	NF	Taiwan	[91]
Saturated unbranched carboxylic acids
19	tetradecanoic acid	myristic acid	CH3(CH2)12CO2H	AP	Tanzania	[44]
20	hexadecanoic acid	palmitic acid	CH3(CH2)14CO2H	AP	Tanzania	[44]
21	octadecanoic acid	stearic acid	CH3(CH2)16CO2H	AP	Tanzania	[44]
22	eicosanoic acid	arachidic acid	CH3(CH2)18CO2H	AP	Tanzania	[44]
23	docosanoid acid	behenic acid	CH3(CH2)20CO2H	LF	not stated	[84]
Unbranched aliphatic carboxylic acid esters
24	2-butenedioic acid			AP	China	[121]
				AP	China	[102]
25	(Z)-9-octadecenoic acid	oleic acid		AP	Tanzania	[44]
26	(E)-9-octadecenoic acid	elaidic acid		LF	not stated	[84]
27	(Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid	linolic acid/linoleic acid		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				EP	Taiwan	[85]
28	(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid	α-linolenic acid		EP	Taiwan	[85]
29	(Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester	ethyl linoleate		EP	Taiwan	[85]
30	(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester	methyl linolenate		EP	Taiwan	[85]
31	(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester	ethyl linolenate		EP	Taiwan	[85]
32	(Z)-9-octadecenoic acid, 2-butoxyethyl ester	2-butoxyethyl oleate		EP	Taiwan	[85]
33	2-butoxyethyl linoleate			EP	Taiwan	[85]
34	(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, butoxyrthyl ester	2-butoxyethyl linolenate		EP	Taiwan	[85]
Acetylenic hydrocarbons
35	1,7E,9E,15E-heptadecatetraene-11,13-diyne	heptadeca-2E,8E,10E,16-tetraen-4,6-diyne		NF	China	[99]
36	1,11-tridecadiene-3,5,7,9-tetrayne			RT	not stated	[2]
37	1-tridecaene-3,5,7,9,11-pentayne	pentayneene		LF	not stated	[2]
				NF	Egypt	[86]
38	5-tridecaene-7,9,11-triyne-3-ol			NF	Egypt	[86]
39	2,10,12-tridecatriene-4,6,8-triyn-1-ol			PNS	not stated	[51]
40	2,12-tridecadiene-4,6,8,10-tetrayn-1-ol	1,11-tridecadiene-3,5,7,9-tetrayn-13-ol		RT	not stated	[2]
				NF	Egypt	[86]
41	2,12-tridecadiene-4,6,8,10-tetraynal	1,11-tridecadiene-3,5,7,9-tetrayne-13-al		RT	Germany	[122]
42	2,12-tridecadiene-4,6,8,10-tetrayn-1-ol,1-acetate	1,11-tridecadiene-3,5,7,9-tetrayne-13-acetate		RT	not stated	[2]
43	(5E)-1,5-tridecadiene-7,9-diyn-3,4,12-triol			AP	China	[100]
44	(6E,12E)-3-oxo-tetradeca-6,12-dien-8,10-diyn-1-ol			AP	China	[100]
45	(E)-5-tridecene-7,9,11-triyne-1,2-diol	1,2-dihydroxy-5(E)-tridecene-7,9,11-triyne		EP	Taiwan	[78]
46	(E)-6-tetradecene-8,10,12-triyne-1,3-diol	1,3-dihydroxy-6(E)-tetradecene-8,10,12-triyne		EP	Taiwan	[77]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
				EP	Taiwan	[78]
47	(2R,3E,11E)-3,11-tridecadiene-5,7,9-triyne-1,2-diol	safynol		NF	Egypt	[86]
				NF	China	[99]
48	5,7,9,11-tridecatetrayne-1,2-diol	1,2-dihydroxy-trideca-5,7,9,11-tetrayne		EP	Taiwan	[77]
				EP	Taiwan	[78]
49	(R)-3,5,7,9,11-tridecapentayne-1,2-diol	(R)-1,2-dihydroxy-trideca-3,5,7,9,11-pentayne		AP	Japan	[71]
50	(4E)-1-(hydroxyl-methyl)-4-dodecene-6,8,10-triyn-1-yl-β-D-glucopyranoside	2-β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy-1-hydroxy-5(E)-tridecene-7,9,11-triyne		AP	USA	[54]
				EP	Taiwan	[75]
				EP	Taiwan	[123]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
				EP	Taiwan	[49]
				LF	Taiwan	[124]
51	(4E)-1-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-4-dodecene-6,8,10-triyn-1-yl-β-D-glucopyranoside	3-β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy-1-hydroxy-6(E)-tetradecene-8,10,12-triyne		AP	USA	[54]
				AP	China	[102]
				EP	Taiwan	[75]
				EP	Taiwan	[123]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
				EP	Taiwan	[49]
				LF	Taiwan	[124]
				AP	China	[100]
52	3-hydroxy-6-tetra-decene-8,10,12-triynyl-β-D-gluco-pyranoside	β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy-3-hydroxy-6E-tetradecene-8,10,12-triyne		EP	Mexico	[53]
53	1-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6,8,10-dodeca-tetrayn-1-yl-β-D-glucopyranoside	2-β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy-1-hydroxytrideca-5,7,9,11-tetrayne , cytopiloyne		EP	Taiwan	[49]
				EP	not stated	[82]
				LF	Taiwan	[124]
54	2-O-D-glucosyltrideca-11E-en-3,5,7,9-tetrayn-1,2-diol			LF	Brazil	[61]
55	(R)-1-(hydroxy-methyl)-2,4,6,8,10-dodecapentayn-1-yl-β-D-glucopyranoside	2-β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy-1-hydroxytrideca-3,5,7,9,11-pentayne		AP	China	[102]
				AP	Japan	[71]
56	1-[[(carboxy-acetyl)oxy]methyl]-4,6,8,10-dodeca-tetraynyl-β-D-glucopyranoside			AP	Japan	[125]
57	(4E)-1-[[(carboxy-acetyl)oxy]-methyl]-4-dodecene-6,8,10-triynyl-β-D-gluco-pyranoside			AP	Japan	[125]
58	(4E)-1-[[(carboxy-acetyl)oxy]-ethyl]-4-dodecene-6,8,10-triynyl-β-D-gluco-pyranoside			AP	Japan	[125]
59	(5E)-5-heptene-1,3-diyn-1-yl-benzene	1-phenylhepta-1,3-diyn-5-en		EP	Taiwan	[85]
60	7-phenyl-2(E)-heptene-4,6-diyn-1-ol			RT	not stated	[2]
				AP	China	[100]
61	7-phenyl-2(E)-heptene-4,6-diyn-1-ol-acetate			RT	not stated	[2]
				RT	Brazil	[50]
				RT	Brazil	[52]
62	7-phenyl-4,6-heptadiyn-2-ol	(-)-pilosol A		EPAP	TaiwanChina	[85]
						[100]
63	7-phenylhepta-4,6-diyn-1,2-diol			AP	China	[100]
64	1,3,5-heptatriyn-1-yl-benzene	1-phenylhepta-1,3,5-triyne		LF	not stated	[2]
				LTC	not stated	[97]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
				AP	China	[121]
				EP	Taiwan	[85]
				RT	Brazil	[52]
				AP	China	[100]
65	7-phenyl-2,4,6-heptatriyn-1-ol			LF	not stated	[2]
				AP	China	[100]
66	7-phenyl-2,4,6-heptatriyn-1-ol-acetate			LF	not stated	[2]
67	5-(2-phenylethynyl)-2-thiophene methanol			AP	China	[100]
68	5-(2-phenylethynyl)-2β-glucosylmethyl-thiophene			AP	China	[100]
Simple aromatic hydrocarbons
Simple phenols
69	1,2-benzenediol	pyrocatechin		EP	Japan	[87]
70	4-ethyl-1,2-benzenediol	pyrocatechol		EP	Japan	[87]
71	dimethoxyphenol			RT	Japan	[87]
72	4-ethenyl-2-methoxy-phenol	p-vinylguaiacol		EP	Japan	[87]
73	2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde	6-methyl-salicylaldehyde		EP	Japan	[87]
74	benzene-ethanol	2-phenyl-ethanol		EP	Taiwan	[85]
Simple aryl aldehydes
75	4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde	vanillin		AP	Japan	[87]
76	3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde	vanillin, iso		LF	Japan	[87]
Simple benzoic acids and their homologues
77	4-hydroxy-benzoic acid	p-hydroxybenzoic acid		EP	Japan	[87]
78	2-hydroxy-benzoic acid	salicylic acid		ST/RT	Japan	[87]
79	3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid	protocatechuic acid		EP	Japan	[87]
80	4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoic acid	vanillic acid		AP	Uganda	[110]
				RT	Japan	[87]
81	3,4,5-trihydroxy-benzoic acid	gallic acid		EP	China	[126]
Phenylpropanoids
Simple phenylpropanoids
82	3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid	p-coumaric acid		EP	Japan	[87]
83	2-methoxy-4(2-propen-1-yl)-phenol	eugenol		LF/RT	Japan	[87]
84	3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2propenoic acid	ferulic acid		EP	Japan	[87]
85	3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-propenoic acid	caffeic acid		EP	Japan	[87]
				AP	Japan	[62]
86	3-propyl-3-[(2,4,5-trimetoxyphenyl)-methoxy]-2,4-pentanedione	3-propyl-3-(2,4,5-trimethoxy)benzyloxy-pentan-2,4-dione		LF	India	[90]
Coumaric and caffeoyl esters
87	3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-propenoic acid, ethyl ester	caffeate, ethyl		NF	Taiwan	[127]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
				EP	Taiwan	[78]
88	2-[[3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methyl-butanoic acid	d-erythronic acid, 2-O-caffeoyl-2-C-methyl		LF	Japan	[88]
89	2-[[3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methyl-butanoic acid,methyl ester	d-erythronate, methyl 2-O-caffeoyl-2-C-methyl		LF	Japan	[88]
90	3-[[3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-2,4-dihydroxy-2-methyl-butanoic acid,methyl ester	d-erythronate, methyl 3-O-caffeoyl-2-C-methyl		LF	Japan	[88]
91	4-(acetyloxy)-3-[[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]oxy]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-butanoic acid			NF	Japan	[70]
92	3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)- tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-5-oxo-3-furanyl ester-2 propenoic acid	3-O-caffeoyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythrono-1,4-lactone		LF	Japan	[88]
93	3-[[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]oxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-cyclo-hexanecarboxylic acid	chlorogenic acid		AP	Japan	[83]
				EP	Taiwan	[79]
				AP	Japan	[62]
94	4-[[3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-oxy]-1,3,5-trihydroxy-cyclo-hexanecarboxylic acid	4-O-caffeoylquinic acid		AP	Japan	[83]
95	3,4-bis[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-oxy]-1,5-dihydroxy-cyclohexane--carboxylic acid	3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid		AP	Japan	[83]
				EP	Taiwan	[79]
				EP	Taiwan	[75]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
96	3,5-bis[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-oxy]-1,4-dihydroxy-cyclohexane-carboxylic acid	3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid		AP	Japan	[83]
				EP	Taiwan	[79]
				EP	Taiwan	[75]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
97	3,4-bis[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-oxy]-1,5-dihydroxy-cyclohexane-carboxylic acid	4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid		EP	Taiwan	[79]
				EP	Taiwan	[75]
				EP	Taiwan	[65]
98	3-[4-[[6-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-oxy]-phenyl]-2-propenoic acid	β-D-p-coumaric acid, 4-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl-glucopyranosyl)		LF	Japan	[89]
99	3-[4-[[2-O-acetyl-6-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-oxy]-phenyl]-2-propenoic acid	β-D-p-coumaric acid, 4-O-(2-O-acetyl-6-O-p-coumaroyl-glucopyranosyl)		LF	Japan	[89]
				AP	China	[121]
Coumarins
100	6,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one	esculetin		NF	Egypt	[86]
Flavonoids
Aurones
101	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-6-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	sulfuretin		AP	China	[102]
102	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-6,7-dihydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy; maritimetin		AP	China	[102]
103	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-6-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-7-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy; maritimein		LFAPLF	Japan	[89]
					China	[102]
					China	[59]
104	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-7-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-6-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy		LF	Japan	[89]
105	6-[(6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-7-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6-O-( 6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy		LF AP	Japan	[89]
					China	[102]
106	6-[(3,6-di-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-2-[(3,4-di-hydroxyphenyl)-methylene]-7-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6-O-(3,6-di-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranosyl)-6,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy; bidenoside A		LF	China	[59]
107	6-[(4,6-di-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-2-[(3,4-di-hydroxyphenyl)-methylene]-7-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6-O-(4”,6”-diacetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy		LF	not stated	[128]
				AP	China	[121]
				AP	China	[102]
108	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-7-hydroxy-6-[(2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl)-oxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone]	aurone, (Z)-6-O-(2”,4”,6”-triacetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy		LF	not stated	[128]
				AP	China	[121]
109	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-7-hydroxy-6-[(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl)-oxy]-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6-O-(3”,4”,6”-triacetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy		AP	China	[121]
				AP	China	[102]
110	2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methylene]-7-hydroxy-6-[[6-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-3(2H)-benzofuranone	aurone, (Z)-6-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy		LF	Japan	[89]
Chalcones
111	1-[2-(β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)- 2-propen-1-one	chalcone, α,3,2’,4’-tetrahydroxy-2’-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl		AP	China	[102]
112	1-(2,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-propen-1-one	butein		AP	China	[102]
113	3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-(2,3,4-trihydroxy-phenyl)-2-propen-1-one	okanin		LF	China	[59]
114	3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-[3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-propen-1-one	okanin 3’-O-β-D-glucoside		LF	Germany	[129]
				LF	Germany	[130]
				FL	Germany	[109]
115	3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-1-[4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,3-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-propen-1-one	okanin 4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; marein		FL	Germany	[109]
				LF	Japan	[89]
116	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(6”-O-acetylglucoside)			FL	Germany	[109]
117	1-[4-[(4,6-di-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydroxy-phenyl]-3-(3,4-di-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(4”,6”-diacetyl)-glucopyranoside		AP	China	[121]
118	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(2”,4”,6”-triacetyl)-glucoside			LF	Germany	[129]
119	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(3”,4”,6”-triacetyl)-glucoside			AP	China	[121]
120	1-[2,3-dihydroxy-4-[[6-O-[3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-phenyl]-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(6”-trans-p-coumaroyl) glucoside		LF	Germany	[129]
121	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(4”-acetyl-6”-trans-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside			LF	Germany	[131]
122	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(2”,4”-diacetyl-6”-trans-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside			LF	Germany	[131]
123	okanin 4’-O-β-D-(3”,4”-diacetyl-6”-trans-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside			LF	Germany	[131]
124	okanin 4’-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside]			FL	Germany	[109]
125	okanin 3’,4’-di-O-β-D-glucoside			FL	Germany	[109]
126	1-[3-(β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy)-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one	okanin 4-methyl ether-3’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		LF	Germany	[130]
				AP	China	[102]
127	okanin 4-methyl ether-3’,4’-di-O-β-(4”,6”,4’’’,6’’’-tetracetyl)-glucopyranoside			AP	China	[100]
128	chalcone, 2’,4’,6’-trimethoxy-4-O-D-glucopyranosyl-dihydro		NF	LF	China	[59]
Flavanones
129	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	okanin,iso		LF	China	[59]
130	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-8-hydroxy-7-[(2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl)oxy]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	okanin 7-O-β-D-(2”,4”,6”-triacetyl)-glucopyranoside, iso		AP	China	[121]
Flavones
131	5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	apigenin		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				AP	China	[100]
132	7-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	apigenin 7-O-glucopyranoside		AP	Tanzania	[44]
133	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	luteolin		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				AP	China	[121]
				AP	China	[102]
				AP	China	[100]
				AP	Vietnam	[132]
134	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-7-(β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		AP	Tanzania	[44]
135	5,7-dimethoxy-6-(5-methoxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-yl)-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	5-O-methylhoslundin		AP	Uganda	[110]
Flavonols
136	3-(β-D-gluco-pyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	astragalin; kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		AP	China	[102]
137	kaempferol 3-(2,3-di-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside)		NF	AP	Vietnam	[132]
138	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	axillaroside		AP	China	[100]
139	5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,6-di-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	centaureidin		EP	Taiwan	[74]
140	7-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,6-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	centaurein		AP	Japan	[83]
				EP	Taiwan	[79]
				EP	Taiwan	[74]
141		eupatorin, iso	NF	NF	China	[99]
142	2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one			NF	Japan	[70]
143	7-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,8-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one			NF	Japan	[70]
144		isorhamnetin 3-[O-α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranoside]	NF	AP	Vietnam	[132]
145	7-[(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-3-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	luteoside		AP	China	[100]
146	luteolin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside			AP	Tanzania	[44]
147	5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-3,6-di-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetagetin 3,6,3′-trimethyl ether		AP	China	[100]
148		quercetagetin 3,7,3’-trimethyl ether-6-O-β-glucoside		AP	China	[100]
149	7-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,6-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	jacein; quercetagetin 3,6,3′-trimethyl ether-7-O-β-glucoside		AP	Japan	[83]
				EP	Taiwan	[79]
				AP	China	[100]
150	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy- 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin		AP	China	[102]
				LF	China	[59]
				EP	China	[133]
151	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(β-D-galactopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactoside; hyperin; hyperoside		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				AP	Japan	[83]
				NF	China	[99]
				AP	Japan	[62]
				LF	China	[59]
				EP	China	[133]
152	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				LF	Japan	[89]
				AP	China	[102]
				AP	Japan	[62]
153	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzo-pyran-3-yl-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid	quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				AP	Japan	[83]
154	3-[[6-O-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy- 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin 3-O-robinobioside		AP	Japan	[83]
				EP	Taiwan	[79]
156	7-(β-D-glucopyranos-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin 3,3’-dimethyl ether 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		RT	Brazil	[134]
				RT	Brazil	[52]
				RT	Brazil	[135]
157	7-[[6-O-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-3-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin 3,3’-dimethyl ether 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside		RT	Brazil	[134]
				RT	Brazil	[52]
158	7-[[6-O-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	quercetin 3,4’-dimethyl ether-7-O-rutinoside		AP	China	[121]
				AP	China	[102]
159	2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(β-D-glucofuranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	isoquercitrin		AP	Japan	[83]
				AP	China	[102]
Terpenoids
Sesquiterpenes
160	3,7,11,11-tetramethyl-bicyclo[8.1.0]undeca-2,6-diene	bicyclogermacrene		LF	Brazil	[46]
161	4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo-[7.2.0]undec-4-ene	E-caryophyllene		LF	Brazil	[46]
162	1-methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methylethyl)-1,6-cyclodecadiene	germacrene-D		LF	Brazil	[46]
163	4-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-ylidene)-1-methyl-cyclohexene	Z-γ-bisabolene		LF	Brazil	[46]
164	decahydro-1,1,4-trimethyl-7-methylene-1H-cycloprop[e]-azulene	β-gurjunene		LF	Brazil	[46]
165	2,6,6,9-tetramethyl-1,4,8-cycloundeca-triene	α-humulene;α-caryophyllene		LF	Brazil	[46]
166		δ-muurolene		LF	Brazil	[46]
167	1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-4a,8-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethylidene)-naphthalene	selina-3,7(11)-diene		LF	Brazil	[46]
Diterpenes
168	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol	phytol		EP	Taiwan	[85]
169	3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecenoic acid	phytenic acid		EP	Taiwan	[85]
170	3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecenyl ester-heptanoic acid	phythyl heptanoate		LF	not stated	[84]
Steroids
171		campestrol		AP	Tanzania	[44]
172		phytosterin-B	NF	NF	Taiwan	[112]
				NF	Egypt	[86]
173	stigmast-5-en-3-ol	β-sitosterol		NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
				EP	Taiwan	[85]
174		β-sitosterol glucoside		NF	Egypt	[86]
175	5α-stigmasta-7-en-3β-ol			EP	Taiwan	[85]
176	5α-stigmasta-7,22t-dien-3β-ol			EP	Taiwan	[85]
177	stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol	stigmasterol		NF	Taiwan	[91]
				AP	Tanzania	[44]
				LF	not stated	[84]
				EP	Taiwan	[85]
Triterpenes
178	lup-20(29)-en-3-ol	lupeol		NF	Egypt	[86]
179	lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate	lupeol acetate		NF	Egypt	[86]
180	olean-12-en-3-ol	β-amirin		NF	Egypt	[86]
181	5,9,13-trimethyl-24,25,26-trinoroleanan-3-ol	friedelan-3β-ol		AP	Tanzania	[44]
182	5,9,13-trimethyl-24,25,26-tri-noroleanan-3-one	friedelin; friedelan-3-one		AP	Tanzania	[44]
183	2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene	squalene		AP	Tanzania	[44]
				LF	not stated	[84]
				EP	Taiwan	[85]
Tetraterpenes
184	β,β-carotene	β-carotene		LF	not stated	[113]
Porphyrins
185	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexa-decen-1-yl ester-(15S,16S)-10-ethenyl-5-ethyl-1,16,18,20-tetrahydro-6,11,15,22-tetramethyl-18,20-dioxo-15H-9,12-imino-21,2-metheno-4,7:17,14-dinitrilo-pyrano[4,3-b]azacyclo-nonadecine-16-propanoic acid	aristophyll-C		LF	Taiwan	[90]
186	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-yl ester-(2S,18S,19S,20bR)-13-ethenyl-8-ethyl-2a,18,19,20b-tetrahydro-20b-(methoxycarbonyl)-9,14,18,24-tetra-methyl-4H-12,15-imino-3,5-metheno-7,10:20,17-dinitrilo-1,2-dioxeto-[3',4':3,4]-cyclo-pent[1,2b]aza-cyclo-nonadecine-19-propanoic acid	bidenphytin A		LF	Taiwan	[90]
187	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexa-decen-1-yl ester-(2S,18S,19S,20bR)-13-ethenyl-8-ethyl-2a,18,19,20b-tetrahydro-2a-hydroxy-20b-(methoxy-carbonyl)-9,14,18,24-tetramethyl-4H-12,15-imino-3,5-metheno-7,10:20,17-dinitrilo-1,2-dioxeto[3',4':3,4]-cyclo-pent[1,2-b]-azacyclononadecine-19-propanoic acid	bidenphytin B		LF	Taiwan	[90]
188	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-yl ester-(3R,4S,21R)-14-ethyl-21-hydroxy-21-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,9,13,18-penta-methyl-20-oxo-3-phorbinepropanoic acid	(132R)-132-hydroxy-pheophytin a		LF	Taiwan	[90]
189	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-yl ester-(3R,4S,21S)-14-ethyl-21-hydroxy-21-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,9,13,18-pentamethyl-20-oxo-3-phorbinepropanoic acid	(132S)-132-hydroxy-pheophytin a		LF	Taiwan	[90]
190	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexa-decen-1-yl ester-(3R,4S,21R)-14-ethyl-13-formyl-21-hydroxy-21-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,9,18-tetramethyl-20-oxo-3-phorbine-propanoic acid,	(132R)-132-hydroxy-pheophytin b		LF	Taiwan	[90]
191	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-yl ester-(3R,4S,21S)-14-ethyl-13-formyl-21-hydroxy-21-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,9,18-tetramethyl-20-oxo-3-phorbine-propanoic acid	(132 S)-132-hydroxy-pheophytin b		LF	Taiwan	[90]
192	(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexa-decen-1-yl ester-(3S,4S,21R)-9-ethenyl-14-ethyl-21-(methoxy-carbonyl)-4,8,13,18-tetramethyl-20-oxo-3-phorbinepropanoic acid	pheophytin a		LF	Taiwan	[90]
Nitrogen and Sulphur-containing Natural Products
193	3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione	caffeine		AP	Uganda	[110]
194	thymidine			NF	China	[99]
195	1-(2-thienyl)-ethanone	2-acetyl-thiophene		RT	Germany	[122]
Carbohydrates/ disaccharides
196		heptanyl 2-O-β-xylofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside		EP	Taiwan	[79]
Miscellaneous
197	2-[(3R,7R,11R)-3-hydroxy-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecyl]-3,5,6-trimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione	α-tocopheryl quinone		EP	Taiwan	[85]
198		7-O-(4”,6”-diacetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside	NF	LF	China	[59]

AP, Aerial part; LF, Leaf; ST, Steam; EP, Entire plant; FL, Flowers; RT, Root; SD, Seed; LTC, Leaves of tissue culture; PNS, Part not specified; NF, Not found.