Table 2.
Technological characteristics of reviewed studies
| Technology | No. of studies | References |
|---|---|---|
| Portable activity sensing devices | ||
| Pedometer | 8 | 43–49,51 |
| Accelerometer | 6 | 32–35,42,50 |
| Inertial measurement unit | 3 | 28,29,52 |
| Behavioral informatics software | ||
| No software | 6 | 32,43–48 |
| Desktop application | 3 | 28,29,42 |
| Web-based application | 4 | 33–35,50 |
| Smartphone application | 4 | 33,50–52 |
| Tablet application | 1 | 49 |
| Real-time physical activity feedback | 5 | 33–35,50,51 |
| Interactive virtual coaching | 1 | 49 |
| Audiovisual training program | 3 | 28,29,52 |
| Sensor data retrieval and storage | ||
| Manually entered into diary | 5 | 43–47 |
| Manually entered into software | 2 | 50,51 |
| Manually downloaded from sensor to software | 5 | 32,34,35,42,48,49 |
| Real-time transfer from sensor to software | 5 | 28,29,33,52 |
| Sensor data processing and display | ||
| To measure physical activity level, eg, step counts, energy expenditure, and activity duration | 15 | 32–35,42–52 |
| To provide graphical feedback on physical activity | 4 | 33,42,50,51 |
| To provide audio feedback on gait performance and individualized gait advice | 1 | 52 |
| To provide visual feedback on joint position | 2 | 28,29 |
| To set individualized activity goals | 6 | 32,43,45,48–50 |
| Used EHR-integrated CDSS algorithm for individualized feedback | 1 | 51 |
EHR = electronic health record; CDSS = clinical decision support system.