Figure 2.

Camalexin induces caspase activation and caspase-dependent apoptosis in leukemia cells. (a, b) Leukemia cells were treated with indicated doses of camalexin for 24 h; cellular apoptosis was measured by annexin V staining and flow cytometry analysis. Caspase activity was assayed by colorimetric assay kit. (c) Leukemia cells were treated with indicated doses of camalexin for 24 h; total cellular lysates were subjected to Western blot analysis with indicated antibodies. (d) Cells were treated with 40 μM of camalexin in the presence or absence of 50 μM zVAD.fmk and apoptosis was assayed. Mean and SD of three independent experiments performed in triplicate are shown; ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.