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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 2.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2018 Sep 18;52(19):10903–10908. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02496

Figure 4:

Figure 4:

Adjoint sensitivity of surface-level daily maximum 8-hour average O3 >70ppb (DM8O3) across the southeastern U.S. during 1–14 July, 2011. Estimated potential change in simulated DM8O3 (in ppb) due to (a) a 1 ppb change in representation of O3 at the surface (0–20m) and (b) a 1 ppb change in representation of O3 at 400–500m altitude. (c) Sensitivity of DM8O3 across the southeastern U.S. to O3 at different altitudes expressed as percent of total sensitivity integrated through the model depth (in blue). Also shown in red is the cumulative sensitivity of DM8O3 as function of height. Measurements characterizing O3 distribution at 200–1200 m altitude (shaded region) would yield greatest benefit in improving DM8O3 predictions via data assimilation.