Table 2. Population dataset used in this study.
Code of Cynara baetica populations or outgroup species, locations, coordinates, altitude (Alt.), number of samples used in plastid DNA study (Ncp), number of haplotypes detected (Hap.), number of samples used in AFLP study (NAFLP), number of private (Private) and fixed (Fixed; in parentheses) markers, percentage of polymorphic loci (PLP) and number of polymorphic loci (NL), average gene diversity (Hj), band richness after rarefaction (Br5), and index of association modified to remove the dependency of sample size (rd) (* = p < 0.001; ns = not significant).
| Code | Location | Coordinates | Alt. (m) | Ncp | Hap. | NAFLP | Private (Fixed) | PLP (NL) | Hj (± SE) | Br(5) | rd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBERIAN PENINSULA | |||||||||||
| ES1 | Spain: Albacete, Calar del Mundo |
38°29’29” N 02°18’47” W |
1000 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 5 (1) | 20.9 (44) | 0.130 ± 0.011 | 1.182 | 0.052* |
| ES2 | Spain: Jaén, Hornos |
38°13’57” N 02°39’48” W |
1260 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 0 (0) | 16.6 (35) | 0.089 ± 0.010 | 1.223 | 0.081* |
| ES3 | Spain: Jaén, Locubín |
37°33’58” N 03°52’18” W |
1100 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 0 (0) | 21.3 (45) | 0.117 ± 0.009 | 1.206 | 0.052* |
| ES4 | Spain: Córdoba, Los Villares |
37°24’08” N 04°17’24” W |
680 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 (0) | 12.3 (26) | 0.098 ± 0.010 | 1.128 | 0.147* |
| ES5 | Spain: Granada, Gor |
37°22’10” N 02°58’10” W |
1190 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 (0) | 22.3 (47) | 0.126 ± 0.011 | 1.245 | 0.046* |
| ES6 | Spain: Granada, El Purche |
37°08’11” N 03°28’23” W |
1500 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 (0) | 19.0 (40) | 0.098 ± 0.010 | 1.219 | 0.019ns |
| ES7 | Spain: Málaga, Alfarnate |
36°59’39” N 04°15’37” W |
1000 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 1 (0) | 68.2 (144) | 0.142 ± 0.010 | 1.209 | 0.052* |
| ES8 | Spain: Málaga, Puerto Martínez |
36°48’13” N 04°51’20” W |
730 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 0 (0) | 14.7 (31) | 0.103 ± 0.010 | 1.223 | 0.099* |
| ES9 | Spain: Cádiz, Puerto Boyar |
36°45’16” N 05°23’39” W |
1100 | 5 | 1, 2 | 8 | 0 (0) | 22.7 (48) | 0.132 ± 0.010 | 1.188 | 0.120* |
| ES10 | Spain: Málaga, Cortes |
36°37’02” N 05°20’32” W |
610 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 3 (0) | 16.6 (35) | 0.094 ± 0.009 | 1.227 | 0.058* |
| Population mean | 1 (0.1) | 23.5 (49.5) | 0.113 ± 0.009 | 0.072 | |||||||
| Subspecies level | 50 | 1, 2, 3 | 88 | 45 (5) | 43.6 (92) | 0.163 ± 0.011 | 0.028* | ||||
| MOROCCO | |||||||||||
| MA1 | Morocco: Al Hoceïma, Bni Hadifa |
35°00’34” N 04°11’22” W |
1200 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 2 (1) | 55.5 (117) | 0.131 ± 0.011 | 1.184 | 0.028* |
| MA2 | Morocco: Ifrane, Ifrane |
33°30’16” N 05°01’24” W |
1800 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 2 (0) | 71.1 (150) | 0.202 ± 0.011 | 1.186 | 0.056* |
| MA3 | Morocco: Ifrane, Col du Zad |
33°02’27” N 05°03’30” W |
2100 | 5 | 5, 6 | 9 | 0 (0) | 60.7 (128) | 0.151 ± 0.010 | 1.182 | 0.092* |
| MA4 | Morocco: Azilal, Afourer |
32°10’57” N 06°31’16” W |
1100 | 5 | 4 | 10 | 0 (0) | 12.8 (27) | 0.058 ± 0.008 | 1.195 | 0.111* |
| MA5 | Morocco: Azilal, Demnate |
31°45’55” N 07°00’45” W |
900 | 5 | 4 | 10 | 3 (2) | 12.8 (27) | 0.077 ± 0.008 | 1.205 | 0.083* |
| Mean | 0.8 (0.6) | 42.6 (89.8) | 0.128 ± 0.010 | 0.074 | |||||||
| Subspecies level | 25 | 4, 5, 6 | 47 | 20 (1) | 67.3 (142) | 0.195 ± 0.012 | 0.080* | ||||
| Outgroups | |||||||||||
| C.algarbiensis | Portugal: Algarve, Manchique | 37°18’32” N 08°36’27” W | 780 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C. cardunculus-1 | Portugal: Algarve, Moncaparacho | 37°05’06” N 07°47’16” W | 210 | 2 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C. cardunculus-2 | Morocco: Chefchaouen, Khmis M'Diq | 35°04'03”N 5°02'58,0”W | 960 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C. humilis | Spain: Albacete, Riópar | 38°25’53” N 02°31’03” W | 750 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |