Table 5. Strategies for pain management and perception of relief (Baseline, N = 82).
| Strategies for pain control | Yes, n (%) | Relief (0–100%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M±SD | Md | min-max | Sk | K | ||
| Ice | 71 (86.6) | 43.42±24.47 | 50.00 | 3–100 | 0.172 | -0.392 |
| Rest | 68 (82.9) | 49.00±21.58 | 50.00 | 0–100 | -0.291 | -0.222 |
| Clotting factor replacement | 66 (80.5) | 77.81±23.09 | 80.00 | 0–100 | -1.693 | 2.711 |
| Pain medication | 62 (75.6) | 59.33±23.67 | 60.00 | 5–100 | -0.441 | -0.378 |
| Elevation | 39 (47.6) | 33.05±20.71 | 30.00 | 0–80 | 0.332 | -0.796 |
| Compression | 22 (26.8) | 25.00±19.00 | 20.00 | 0–70 | 0.998 | 0.545 |
| Distracting | 21 (25.6) | 35.68±20.80 | 40.00 | 3–75 | -0.111 | -0.785 |
| Relaxing techniques | 19 (23.3) | 43.89±23.61 | 50.00 | 5–80 | -0.451 | -1.056 |
| Search for support/company | 12 (14.6) | 48.33±30.33 | 45.00 | 5–100 | 0.214 | -0.652 |
| Complementary therapiesa | 12 (14.6) | 36.04±30.70 | 25.00 | 0–80 | 0.368 | -1.645 |
| Substance useb | 10 (12.2) | 30.10±23.04 | 30.00 | 0–75 | 0.719 | 0.261 |
| Heat | 8 (9.8) | 42.86±18.00 | 50.00 | 10–60 | -1.074 | 0.701 |
| Praying | 8 (9.8) | 21.13±34.08 | 10.00 | 0–99 | 2.149 | 4.642 |
Note
aIncludes acupuncture, therapeutic massage, reiki/meditation and natural products/homeopathy/naturopathy
b Includes alcohol, tobacco and recreational drugs.