Table 4:
Flavored cigarette choice models
| Panel A | Cigarette choice model | Cigarette choice model with interactions | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | Coef. (s.e.) | Sig. | Coef. (s.e.) | Sig | ||||
| Constant: menthol combustible cigarette | −0.38 (0.035) | *** | PANEL (b) | |||||
| Constant: tobacco e-cigarette | −0.55 (0.037) | *** | PANEL (b) | |||||
| Constant: menthol e-cigarette | −0.88 (0.058) | *** | PANEL (b) | |||||
| Constant: fruit/sweet e-cigarette | −0.71 (0.040) | *** | PANEL (b) | |||||
| Constant: none of these | −1.87 (0.049) | *** | −1.93 (0.052) | *** | ||||
| Price | −0.08 (0.002) | *** | −0.08 (0.003) | *** | ||||
| Nicotine: none | −0.15 (0.024) | *** | −0.15 (0.026) | *** | ||||
| Nicotine: low | −0.04 (0.019) | * | −0.04 (0.019) | * | ||||
| Nicotine: high | −0.06 (0.015) | *** | −0.06 (0.015) | *** | ||||
| Health: unknown | 0.30 (0.033) | *** | 0.31 (0.032) | *** | ||||
| Health: 2 life years lost | 0.37 (0.036) | *** | 0.38 (0.036) | *** | ||||
| Health: 5 life years lost | 0.18 (0.027) | *** | 0.19 (0.028) | *** | ||||
| Diagnostic information | ||||||||
| K | 12 | 72 | ||||||
| Observations | 24,372 | 24,372 | ||||||
| LL(constants only) | −79549.34 | −79549.34 | ||||||
| LL(fitted model) | −78188.91 | −75969.00 | ||||||
| Panel B | Menthol combustible cigarette | Tobacco e-cigarette | Menthol e-cigarette | Fruit/sweet e-cigarette | ||||
| Coef. (s.e.) | Sig. | Coef. (s.e.) | Sig. | Coef. (s.e.) | Sig. | Coef. (s.e.) | Sig. | |
| Constant for each flavored cigarette | −0.76 (0.106) | *** | −1.12 (0.087) | *** | −1.72 (0.133) | *** | −1.48 (0.101) | *** |
| Younger adult | 0.37 (0.112) | *** | 0.26 (0.099) | *** | 0.41 (0.139) | *** | 0.61 (0.109) | *** |
| Older adult | −0.52 (0.109) | *** | −0.20 (0.086) | ** | −0.19 (0.129) | −0.62 (0.107) | *** | |
| Female | 0.14 (0.078) | * | 0.05 (0.065) | −0.08 (0.094) | −0.02 (0.076) | |||
| African American | 0.52 (0.110) | *** | 0.09 (0.117) | 0.61 (0.147) | *** | 0.31 (0.119) | ** | |
| Asian | 0.22 (0.214) | 0.36 (0.210) | * | 0.46 (0.261) | * | 0.43 (0.222) | * | |
| Hispanic | −0.02 (0.132) | −0.04 (0.116) | 0.18 (0.162) | −0.03 (0.131) | ||||
| Other | 0.12 (0.252) | −0.17 (0.208) | −0.28 (0.275) | −0.39 (0.242) | ||||
| Quit attempts | 0.00 (0.079) | 0.16 (0.069) | ** | 0.19 (0.099) | * | 0.19 (0.079) | ** | |
| Use both combustible and e-cigarettes (dual user) | 0.16 (0.084) | * | 0.59 (0.069) | *** | 0.65 (0.101) | *** | 0.83 (0.081) | *** |
| Use only e-cigarettes (vaper) | −0.10 (0.171) | 1.22 (0.145) | *** | 1.63 (0.183) | *** | 1.69 (0.156) | *** | |
| Recent quitter | −0.59 (0.150) | *** | 0.13 (0.120) | 0.18 (0.175) | 0.19 (0.144) | |||
| Higher education | 0.21 (0.084) | ** | 0.14 (0.070) | ** | 0.25 (0.098) | ** | 0.24 (0.081) | *** |
| High income | 0.14 (0.085) | 0.07 (0.070) | 0.07 (0.102) | 0.08 (0.084) | ||||
| Household >2 | 0.19 (0.081) | ** | 0.18 (0.068) | *** | 0.33 (0.098) | *** | 0.27 (0.079) | *** |
| Low SR health | 0.21 (0.080) | *** | −0.02 (0.071) | 0.09 (0.100) | −0.02 (0.080) | |||
Notes: Dependent variable: cigarette choice. Reference (omitted) flavored cigarette: tobacco combustible cigarette. Panel A shows the basic exploded logit model with no interactions and the base coefficients for the fully interacted model. It also displays diagnostic information on the number of parameters (K), observations and log-likelihood (LL) values of the constants only (i.e. market share) model and the respective fitted models. Panel B shows the flavored cigarette constant- terms’ interactions with sociodemographic and smoking status variables. Coef. denotes the coefficient estimates; s.e. denotes standard errors, clustered at the individual level, in parentheses. Sig. - significance:
p<0.01
p<0.05
p<0.01.