Table 1. In-hospital complication rates and blood transfusions by surgical approach for cervical fractures.

Post-surgical issue	PSF (%)	APSF (%)	ASF (%)	P value
Cervical complications
Pulmonary	30	45	35.5	0.01
Cervical spine-related	11.3	17.56	17.7	0.12
UTI	12.8	6.1	9.7	0.12
Implant-related	2.3	6.1	3.2	0.14
Thromboembolic	3.8	7.6	4	0.23
Cardiac	13.2	10.7	8.1	0.32
Infectious	5.3	3.8	7.3	0.49
Neurological	0.38	0.76	0.81	0.62
Renal	7.9	9.2	7.3	0.85
Incidental durotomy	0.75	0	0	0.99
Died	7.1	9.9	13.7	0.11
Total complications	50.4	58	53.2	0.36
Blood transfusion	22.6	18.3	7.6	<0.01

UTI, urinary tract infection; PSF, posterior spinal fusion; ASF, anterior spinal fusion; APSF, anterior-posterior spinal fusion.