Fig. 8.

Beta slope dissociates specific from general adaptations. BPL slope indexes the steepness of the BPL signal analysed via single-trial fitting of individual periods in the BPL signal surrounding every data point (80 ms). The slope can be seen as the rate of change in BPL, thus reflecting how quickly beta power lateralises to one hemisphere. a Displays how BPL slopes differ between congruent (blue) and incongruent (orange) trials. The dashed vertical line reflects when BPL slopes start to first significantly deviate from zero, which coincides with the non-decision time parameter in the DDM. b Displays that the degree of interference induced by visual proximity of the distractors affects the duration of BPL slopes that point into the incorrect (distractor-) direction. As a result, when incongruent flankers are close to the target, BPL to the wrong direction is stronger and longer-lasting as compared to far flanker trials (cf. Supplementary Figure 6). Similarly, for incongruent trials the slope of distractor processing is influenced by previous accuracy (c), which is consistent with PERI. However, there is no significant difference (even at a very lenient threshold of p < 0.05) at any point during early BPL slopes when comparing congruent post-error (orange) to post-correct (blue) trials. This suggests that post-error trials specifically reduce the interference induced by distractors, which is seen in the BPL slope analysis at around 290 to 360 ms. For an additional analysis comparing how slow and fast responses are associated with BPL slope, see Supplementary Figure 8. Statistical comparisons between conditions are calculated via repeated t-tests corrected for multiple comparisons (a, b) or uncorrected (c, d), and significant time periods are shaded in grey reflecting SE