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. 2018 Nov 28;9:5043. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07162-5

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

Network state-dependent recruitment of VIP-OA interneurons in awake mice. a Representative traces of simultaneous LFP (raw trace and filtered for theta and ripples) and Ca2+-transient (ΔF/F) recordings from a putative VIP-LRP cell identified post hoc as M2R-positive (d). Red trace illustrates the animal locomotion speed (dotted line indicates the threshold for the locomotion state at 2 cm/s). b Individual traces from the event-triggered Ca2+-trace segmentation and corresponding average (red trace) generated by the theta-run epochs (left) and ripple episodes (right; with inset showing an expanded view of the ripple event) from the cell illustrated in a with heat-maps showing the group data for all VIP-LRPs (n = 33 events/11 cells for theta-run; n = 56 events/5 cells for ripples). The decrease in somatic Ca2+-signals was significant during theta-run epochs for a group of cells (n = 6) at p < 0.001; Mann–Whitney test. c Representative traces from the event-triggered Ca2+-trace segmentation with corresponding average (red trace) generated by the theta-run epochs (left) and ripples (right) with heat-maps showing the group data for type II M2R-/CR- VIP-expressing cells (n = 14 cells for theta-run; n = 13 cells for ripples). Increase in somatic Ca2+-signals during theta-run epochs was significant for a group of cells (n = 14) at p < 0.001; Mann–Whitney test. d Post hoc immunohistochemical analysis of the recorded VIP-LRP showing that cells of this sub-type (type I) express M2R. GFP was revealed with Alexa-488, CR with Cy3 and M2R with CF-633 secondary antibodies. Scale bar: 10 µm. e Post hoc immunohistochemical analysis of the recorded type II VIP-expressing cells showing that cells of this type do not express M2R or CR. Scale bar: 10 µm