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. 2018 Nov 16;12:399. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00399

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Copyright © 2018 Pepper, Pitman, Cullen and Young.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Identifying cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage. Cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage can be subdivided into three stages of differentiation based on protein expression: oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), premyelinating oligodendrocytes and myelinating oligodendrocytes. Essentially all OPCs co-express the NG2 proteoglycan and PDGFRα, while only a subset express S100β and/or the G-protein coupled receptor, GPR17. Premyelinating oligodendrocytes express Breast Carcinoma Amplified Sequence-1 (BCAS1) and Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase Phosphodiesterase 6 (Enpp6), and upregulate Myelin Regulatory Factor (MyRF). Myelinating oligodendrocytes express myelin-related proteins including Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Proteolipid Protein (PLP) and 2’,3’-Cyclic-nucleotide 3’-phosphodiesterase (CNPase). All cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage express the transcription factors OLIG2 and SOX10.

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