Table 3.
Age- and sex-stratified tuberculosis and pneumonia incidence and hazard ratios.
| Men | Women | |||
| Statin | Statin | |||
| No (n = 5237) | Yes (n = 990) | No (n = 3969) | Yes (n = 1060) | |
| Tuberculosis | ||||
| No. of event | 282 | 26 | 102 | 11 |
| Incidence rate | 9.30 | 3.29 | 4.11 | 1.24 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.38 (0.26, 0.57) *** | 1 (Reference) | 0.33 (0.18, 0.61) *** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.53 (0.34, 0.81) ** | 1 (Reference) | 0.41 (0.21, 0.79) ** |
| Pneumonia | ||||
| No. of event | 525 | 57 | 217 | 30 |
| Incidence rate | 17.6 | 7.27 | 8.87 | 3.41 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.57) *** | 1 (Reference) | 0.41 (0.28, 0.60) *** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.54 (0.41, 0.73) *** | 1 (Reference) | 0.47 (0.32, 0.70) *** |
| Age < 50 | Age ≥ 50 | |||
| Statin | Statin | |||
| No (n = 1656) | Yes (n = 304) | No (n = 7550) | Yes (n = 1746) | |
| Tuberculosis | ||||
| No. of event | 22 | 4 | 362 | 33 |
| Incidence rate | 1.84 | 1.50 | 8.38 | 2.34 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.85 (0.29, 2.48) | 1 (Reference) | 0.31 (0.21, 0.44) *** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.74 (0.22, 2.49) | 1 (Reference) | 0.45 (0.31, 0.65) *** |
| Pneumonia | ||||
| No. of event | 33 | 2 | 709 | 85 |
| Incidence rate | 2.78 | 0.75 | 16.7 | 6.08 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.29 (0.07, 1.21) | 1 (Reference) | 0.38 (0.30, 0.48) *** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.20 (0.05, 0.91) * | 1 (Reference) | 0.52 (0.41, 0.67) *** |
Incidence in per 1000 person-years. a Data adjusted for age, sex, urbanization level, monthly income, occupation, comorbidities (sleep disorders, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, mental disorders, alcohol-related illness, chronic kidney disease, tobacco use, CAD, stroke, and acute respiratory failure), and use of medication (ICSs and OSs). Abbreviations: cHR, crude hazard ratio; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; ICSs, inhaled corticosteroids; OSs, oral steroids. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.