Table 1.
Demographic analysis of patient groups.
| Parameter | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients, n | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | - |
| Females, n (%) | 47 | 48 | 39 | 48 | 0.5095 |
| Males, n (%) | 53 | 52 | 61 | 52 | |
| Mean age, years ± SD | 65.2 ± 12.2 | 64.2 ± 13.4 | 65.2 ± 13.5 | 62.4 ± 13.9 | 0.0712 |
| BMI, kg/m2 ± SD | 25.7 ± 4.4 | 26.9 ± 5.8 | 26.2 ± 4.3 | 26.7 ± 4.4 | 0.1102 |
| ASA 1, n (%) | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0.6989 |
| ASA 2, n (%) | 58 | 57 | 65 | 60 | |
| ASA 3, n (%) | 33 | 39 | 30 | 31 | |
| ASA 4, n (%) | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | |
| Any comorbidity, n (%) | 74 | 75 | 68 | 61 | 0.1167 |
| Cardiovascular, n (%) | 40 | 30 | 37 | 35 | 0.5061 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 49 | 56 | 52 | 48 | 0.6699 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 20 | 17 | 15 | 19 | 0.7962 |
| Pulmonary disease, n (%) | 15 | 14 | 5 | 7 | |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 6 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0.3085 |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 3 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 0.7886 |
| AJCC Stage 1, n (%) | 27 | 44 | 36 | 36 | 0.1108 |
| AJCC Stage 2, n (%) | 37 | 27 | 25 | 27 | |
| AJCC Stage 3, n (%) | 24 | 20 | 21 | 29 | |
| AJCC Stage 4, n (%) | 12 | 9 | 18 | 8 | |
| Colon, n (%) | 67 | 74 | 59 | 61 | 0.1101 |
| Rectum, n (%) | 33 | 26 | 41 | 39 | |
| Median operative time, min (IQR) | 175 (130–200) | 210 (180–240) | 180 (150–240) | 185 (150–220) | <0.0001 |
| Median intraoperative blood loss, mL (IQR) | 50 (30–100) | 50 (50–100) | 100 (50–200) | 100 (50–150) | 0.0002 |
SD: standard deviation; ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiology; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; IQR: interquartile range; BMI: Body Mass Index.