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. 2018 Nov 15;9:2650. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02650

Figure 9.

Figure 9

αD deficiency reduces accumulation of monocyte-derived macrophages in adipose tissue and improves metabolic parameters during diet-induced diabetes. (A) WT and αD-/- (or αM-/-) monocytes were isolated from bone marrow, labeled with red (WT) or green (αD-/-) fluorescent dyes, respectively, mixed in an equal amount and injected into the tail vein of WT mice fed for 8 weeks with high fat diet (45% kcal/fat). After 3 days visceral adipose tissue was isolated, digested and analyzed using flow cytometry. (B) Statistical analyses were performed using Student's paired t-tests (n = 4 per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05. (C) Imaging flow cytometry. Upper panel represents the injected monocytes, isolated from WT and αD-/- (or αM-/-) mice, labeled with red and green fluorescent dyes, respectively. Middle (Q4) and lower(Q1) panels represent the labeled cells in digested adipose tissue. Channel 11- F4/80 represents macrophage staining. (D) WT mice (black circles) and αD-knockout mice (white triangles) were fed with high fat diet for 16 weeks and glucose intolerance (left panel) and insulin resistance (right panel) were evaluated. N = 6 for αD-/- and n = 9 for WT per group. A statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, compared to αD-/- group.