Table 2.
Number of HIV tests conducted and number of tests identifying people newly and previously diagnosed with HIV, by demographic characteristics and test setting, in 7 Care and Prevention in the United States (CAPUS) Demonstration Project sites, 2012-2016a
| HIV Tests Conducted (n = 155 343) | Newly Identified HIV-Positive Testsc (n = 558) | Previously Identified HIV-Positive Testsc (n = 430) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics and Test Settingb | No. (%) | No. (%) | Positivity Rate, %d (P Value)e | No. (%) | Positivity Rate, %d (P Value)e |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| Latino | 26 271 (16.9) | 38 (6.8) | 0.14 (.72) | 20 (4.7) | 0.08 (<.001) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 77 471 (49.9) | 438 (78.5) | 0.57 (<.001) | 379 (88.1) | 0.49 (<.001) |
| Non-Hispanic white | 43 625 (28.1) | 63 (11.3) | 0.14 (Ref.) | 24 (5.6) | 0.06 (Ref.) |
| Other or unknown | 7976 (5.1) | 19 (3.4) | 0.24 (<.001) | 7 (1.6) | 0.09 (<.001) |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 68 721 (44.2) | 439 (78.7) | 0.64 (<.001) | 331 (77.0) | 0.48 (<.001) |
| Female | 85 955 (55.3) | 111 (19.9) | 0.13 (Ref.) | 96 (22.3) | 0.11 (Ref.) |
| Transgender | 198 (0.1) | 7 (1.3) | 3.54 (<.001) | 3 (0.7) | 1.52 (<.001) |
| Other/unknown | 469 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0 | 0 (<.001) |
| HIV test setting | |||||
| Health care settings | 125 224 (80.6) | 395 (70.8) | 0.32 | 280 (65.1) | 0.22 |
| Community health centers | 58 111 (37.4) | 210 (37.6) | 0.36 (Ref.) | 110 (25.6) | 0.19 (Ref.) |
| Emergency departments | 30 635 (19.7) | 98 (17.6) | 0.32 (<.001) | 119 (27.7) | 0.39 (<.001) |
| Correctional facility clinics | 13 244 (8.5) | 8 (1.4) | 0.06 (<.001) | 1 (0.2) | 0.01 (<.001) |
| Substance abuse treatment facilities | 10 070 (6.5) | 3 (0.5) | 0.03 (<.001) | 1 (0.2) | 0.01 (<.001) |
| Inpatient units | 4957 (3.2) | 45 (8.1) | 0.91 (<.001) | 38 (8.8) | 0.77 (<.001) |
| Pharmacy-based clinics | 3700 (2.4) | 25 (4.5) | 0.68 (<.001) | 8 (1.9) | 0.22 (<.001) |
| Other health care settingsf | 4507 (2.9) | 6 (1.1) | 0.13 (<.001) | 3 (0.7) | 0.07 (<.001) |
| Non–health care settings | 30 119 (19.4) | 163 (29.2) | 0.54 | 150 (34.9) | 0.50 |
| CBOs/other service organizations | 4592 (3.0) | 104 (18.6) | 2.26 (<.001) | 111 (25.8) | 2.42 (<.001) |
| Other | 25 527 (16.4) | 59 (10.6) | 0.23 (<.001) | 39 (9.1) | 0.15 (<.001) |
| Total | 155 343 (100.0) | 558 (100.0) | 0.36 | 430 (100.0) | 0.28 |
Abbreviations: CBO, community-based organization; ref, reference group.
aCAPUS was a 4-year cross-agency demonstration project led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the aim of reducing HIV/AIDS-related morbidity and mortality among racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States. Eight states (Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia) received funding to implement the project.8 All grantees except North Carolina provided HIV testing data.
bBehavioral risk characteristics of people tested are excluded because risk information was not required from people with HIV-negative test results in health care settings and was missing for most people tested in non–health care settings.
cA newly identified HIV-positive test is a test from a person who tested positive but had no history of a previous positive test. A previously identified HIV-positive test is a test from a person who tested positive on the current test and had a history of a previous positive test.
dHIV positivity rate was calculated as the number of positive tests (separately for newly or previously identified HIV-positive tests) divided by the number of all tests conducted and multiplied by 100. These rates were calculated separately for each racial/ethnic, gender, and test-setting characteristic.
eWithin-group comparisons on HIV positivity rates were conducted using a Z test for proportions.
fOther health care settings include urgent care clinics, dental care clinics, other primary care clinics, sexually transmitted disease clinics, tuberculosis clinics, and other public health clinics.