. 2018 Nov 21;7(11):458. doi: 10.3390/jcm7110458

Table A1.

The associations between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and development of gallstones by the presence of obesity, defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m².

	Number	Person-Years	Incident Case	Incidence Density (1000 Person-Years)	Age- and Sex-Adjusted HR ^a (95% CI)	Multivariate HR ^a (95% CI)
	Number	Person-Years	Incident Case	Incidence Density (1000 Person-Years)	Age- and Sex-Adjusted HR ^a (95% CI)	Model 1	Model 2
Men
BMI < 25 kg/m²
No NAFLD	72,546	473,899.9	1333	2.8	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
NAFLD	20,146	122,294.6	560	4.6	1.59 (1.44–1.75)	1.53 (1.37–1.71)	1.38 (1.22–1.56)
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²
No NAFLD	20,382	131,432.8	540	4.1	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
NAFLD	35,519	217,114.3	1212	5.6	1.37 (1.24–1.52)	1.37 (1.22–1.53)	1.24 (1.10–1.40)
Women
BMI < 25 kg/m²
No NAFLD	112,024	635,857.6	1969	3.1	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
NAFLD	6230	32,165.6	168	5.2	1.70 (1.45–1.99)	1.64 (1.37–1.97)	1.36 (1.12–1.65)
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²
No NAFLD	9494	54,555.3	338	6.2	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
NAFLD	7105	36,106.9	320	8.9	1.51 (1.30–1.76)	1.42 (1.19–1.69)	1.38 (1.14–1.66)

^a Estimated from parametric proportional hazard models. The p value for the interaction of obesity and NAFLD for the risk of incident gallstones was 0.300 in women, and 0.170 in men. Multivariable adjusted model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, center, year of examination, education level, smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, total calorie intake, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, and medication for dyslipidemia; model 2 included model 1 plus adjustments for LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HR, hazard ratio; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.