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Noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus, site of synthesis of NE, modulate CN II & CNIII, controlling the PLR. LC neurons located in the pons project to subcortical structures associated with hyperarousal modulating neural activity and extend throughout cortex also directly effecting pupillary response to a light stimulus. Image reproduced from Strawn & Geracioti (2008). Photograph: Patricia Brown, Ph.D., University of Cincinnati. Public domain.
