Fibronectin expression rescues the vangl2 membrane protrusion phenotype but not PCP. (A) Fibronectin expression in tailbud-stage wild type (WT) and vangl2m209/m209 mutant control embryos (top) or WT and mutant embryos injected with fn1a/1b synthetic mRNA (bottom). Nuclei labeled with DAPI (right). fn, fibronectin. (B) Representative ectodermal cell expressing memGFP over three time points from time-lapse data. (C,D) Quantitation of the average total number of protrusions and the total percentage of polarized protrusions in WT (n=12 cells, 8 embryos), vangl2m209/m209 mutant control embryos (n=10 cells, 7 embryos) and vangl2m209/m209 mutants injected with fn1a/1b mRNA (n=10 cells, 7 embryos). (E) PCP quantitation in the ectoderm. LWR and MLA values obtained from: vangl2m209/m209 PCP and migration velocity quantitation in the ectoderm. LWR and MLA values were obtained from: WT, n=50 cells, 13 embryos; vangl2m209/m209, n=10 cells, 8 embryos; fn1a/1b-injected vangl2m209/m209 mutants, n=50 cells, 8 embryos. (F) Directed migration values in WT (n=50 cells, 11 embryos), vangl2m209/m209 (n=51 cells, 13 embryos) and fn1a/1b-injected vangl2m209/m209 mutants (n=26 cells, 8 embryos). (G) Schematic of the migration paths of individual ectodermal cells. Origins (arrows) standardized for comparison. Dorsal is to the right. Data are mean±s.d. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ****P<0.0001; P values are versus WT, except where indicated on the graphs; one-way ANOVA significance test followed by Tukey HSD post-hoc tests. n.s., not significant. Scale bars: 5 µm.