Fig. 3.

Drug screening results using fecal excreta and calculi present within fecal excreta from D. melanogaster colonies. (A) Schematic of in vivo drug library screens for antilithogenic compounds based on the calculi-fecal excreta coverslip assay. (B) Representative images of calculi or excreta density based on an arbitrary scale from 10 (highest/most dense) to 1 (lowest). A DMSO vehicle control with a score of 10 for calculi is shown. A representative ‘hit’ with a score of 1 for calculi is shown. Scale bars: 4 mm. (C) Drug screening results from a chemical library representing 360 naturally occurring compounds. ‘Hits’ were defined as coverslips that yielded a ‘1’ score for calculi deposition with no toxic impact on D. melanogaster viability (5-10 in terms of fecal excreta score, green gate). (D,E) A second focused library screen with the eight hits (D) yielded a final list of two active compounds (E). After tertiary analysis of the two active compounds, one was validated, arbutin.