| IMU | Inertial Measurement Unit |
| DOF | Degree of freedom |
| FQA | Factored quaternion algorithm |
| GDA | Orientation estimating algorithm using a gradient descent algorithm |
| CF | Complementary filter proposed by this paper |
| KF | Kalman filter improved by this paper |
| FCF | A fast complementary filter whose fusion coefficients should be pre-tuned manually |
| GN | An improved algorithm using Gauss-Newton method |