| BLE | Bluetooth low-energy |
| PbS | position-based service |
| RFM | reference fingerprinting map |
| RSSI | received signal strength indication |
| PDR | pedestrian dead reckoning |
| GNSS | global navigation satellite system |
| APs | access points |
| RF | radio frequency |
| LSE | least square estimation |
| kNN | k-nearest neighbor |
| IMUs | inertial measurement units |
| ZVU | zero-velocity update |
| RM | radio map |
| SLAM | simultaneous localization and mapping |
| EKF | extended Kalman filter |
| CDFs | cumulative distribution functions |