Table 1.

Approved immune checkpoint blockade therapies

Target	Drug	Company	Cancer type	Combination	Genomic and other indications	FDA approval date	References
PD-1	Nivolumab	Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company Inc.	Metastatic small cell lung cancer		Progression after platinum-based chemotherapy and at least one other line of therapy	August 16, 2018	[151]
			Metastatic colorectal cancer	Ipilimumab	Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)	July 10, 2018	[152]
			Untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma	Ipilimumab		April 16, 2018	[153]
			Melanoma	Adjuvant treatment	Involvement of lymph nodes	December 20, 2017	[154]
			Hepatocellular carcinoma			September 22, 2017	[155]
			Metastatic colorectal cancer		Mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)	July 31, 2017	[156]
			Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma			February 2, 2017	[157]
			Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck			November 10, 2016	[158]
			Classic Hodgkin lymphoma			May 17, 2016	[159]
			Advanced renal cell carcinoma			November 23, 2015	[160]
			Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer			October 9, 2015	[161]
			Metastatic melanoma	Ipilimumab	BRAF V600 wild type	September 30, 2015	[162]
			Metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer			March 4, 2015	[163]
			Unresectable or metastatic melanoma			December 22, 2014	[164]
	Pembrolizumab	Merck & Co, Inc.	Non-small cell lung cancer	Carboplatin and either paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel		October 30, 2018	[165]
			Metastatic, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer	Pemetrexed and platinum		August 20, 2018	[166]
			Primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma			June 13, 2018	[167]
			Metastatic cervical cancer		Express PD-L1 (combined positive score ≥ 1)	June 12, 2018	[168]
			Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma		Express PD-L1	September 22, 2017	[169]
			Solid tumors		Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)	May 23, 2017	[170]
			Urothelial carcinoma			May 18, 2017	[171]
			Metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer	Pemetrexed and carboplatin		May 10, 2017	[172]
			Classic Hodgkin lymphoma			March 14, 2017	[173]
			Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer		Express PD-L1	October 24, 2016	[174]
			Recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma			August 5, 2016	[175]
			Unresectable or metastatic melanoma			December 18, 2015	[176]
			Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer		Express PD-L1	October 2, 2015	[177]
			Unresectable or metastatic melanoma		Following ipilimumab and, if BRAF V600 mutation positive, a BRAF inhibitor	September 4, 2014	[178]
PD-L1	Atezolizumab	Genentech Oncology	Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer			October 18, 2016	[179]
			Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma			May 18, 2016	[180]
	Durvalumab	AstraZeneca Inc.	Stage III non-small cell lung cancer			February 16, 2018	[181]
			Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma			May 1, 2017	[182]
	Avelumab	EMD Serono, Inc.	Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma			March 23, 2017	[183]
CTLA-4	Ipilimumab	Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company, Inc.	Metastatic colorectal cancer	Nivolumab	Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)	July 10, 2018	[152]
			Untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma	Nivolumab		April 16, 2018	[153]
			Cutaneous melanoma			October 28, 2015	[184]
			BRAF V600 wild-type, unresectable or metastatic melanoma	Nivolumab		September 30, 2015	[162]