Table 3.

Enzyme-immobilization techniques on a membrane.

Media	Immobilization method	Enzyme	Advantage and disadvantage	Ref.
PDMS/Glass	Place PVDF membrane that adsorbs enzymes	Trypsin	Easy preparation Less efficiency Possibility of leakage at higher flow rate	[56]
Glass	Covalent cross-linking with Nylon membrane formed at liquid-liquid interface (glutaraldehyde)	Horseradish peroxidase	Integration of membrane permeation and enzyme reaction Preparation of multiple membrane Complicated preparation method Unstable membrane at higher flow rat	[57]
PTFE	Enzyme-embedded membrane formation using glutaraldehyde/ paraformaldehyde	α-Chimotrypsin Trypsin α-Aminoacylase Other various enzymes	Easy preparation Durable (>40days) Applicable in organic solvents Almost all enzymes can be immobilized by adding poly-Lys	[58,59,60]