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. 2018 Nov 15;14(11):e1007795. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007795

Fig 4. Ultrastructural defects of endomembrane compartments caused by interference with ARF1 or ARFA function.

Fig 4

Seedling root cells were ultrastructurally analyzed after high-pressure freezing, freeze-substitution and embedding in epoxy resin. (A-E) ARF1-TN-YFP. (A) Tubular ER (er) connected to large compartments (erc) and circular structures (*). (B, C) Circular structures (*) connected to ER contain several membranes including ER membranes. (D) Circular structures are heavily labeled with gold-conjugated anti-ARF1 antibodies (arrows). (E) Disintegrated Golgi stack (arrowhead). (F, G) ARF1-QL-YFP. (F) Large vesicle aggregates with Golgi(-derived) cisternae (arrowheads). (G) Golgi cisternae (arrowheads) producing unusually large (secretory) vesicles. (H, I) ARFA-TN-YFP. (H) Golgi stacks (arrowheads) and TGN structures (t). (I) Golgi stack (arrowhead) with slightly enlarged TGN compartment (t) at higher magnification. (K-M) ARFA-QL-YFP. (K) Aberrant Golgi stacks (arrowheads) and TGN structures (t) in two adjacent cells. (L) Cell-wall stubs (cw) and aberrant Golgi stack (arrowhead) and TGN structures (t). (M) Aberrant rounded Golgi stacks (arrowheads) with budding vesicles and large TGN structures (t) at higher magnification. Abbreviations: cw, cell wall; er, endoplasmic reticulum (ER); erc, ER-connected compartment; m, mitochondrion; n, nucleus; t, trans-Golgi network (TGN); v, vacuole. Scale bars, 500 nm.