Table 2.
Relationship between clinicopathologic characteristics and CDX2 expression
| CDX2 expression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Test cohort (N = 571) | Validation cohort (N = 586) | ||
| Positive/moderate/negative | p-Value | Positive/moderate/negative | p-Value | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 180 (64)/77 (27)/25 (9) | 0.1045 | 182 (72)/65 (26)/7 (3) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 166 (57)/82 (28)/41 (14) | 197 (59)/92 (28)/43 (13) | ||
| Age, median 73 | ||||
| ≥73 | 163 (58)/76 (27)/40 (14) | 0.1262 | 174 (60)/87 (30)/28 (10) | 0.0826 |
| <73 | 183 (63)/83 (28)/26 (9) | 205 (69)/70 (24)/22 (7) | ||
| T-category | ||||
| T3 | 300 (60)/143 (29)/56 (11) | 0.4794 | 337 (66)/134 (26)/36 (7) | 0.0039 |
| T4 | 46 (64)/16 (22)/10 (14) | 42 (53)/23 (29)/14 (17) | ||
| Malignancy grade | ||||
| Higha | 23 (33)/15 (21)/32 (46) | <0.0001 | 60 (52)/26 (22)/30 (26) | <0.0001 |
| Medium + low | 323 (64)/144 (29)/34 (7) | 319 (68)/131 (28)/20 (4) | ||
| Localisation | ||||
| Right | 128 (47)/94 (34)/51 (19) | <0.0001 | 154 (51)/101 (33)/47 (16) | <0.0001 |
| Left | 218 (73)/65 (22)/15 (5) | 225 (79)/56 (20)/3 (1) | ||
| Perforationb | ||||
| Yes | 8 (47)/6 (35)/3 (18) | 0.4860 | 27 (53)/18 (35)/6 (12) | 0.1845 |
| No | 321 (61)/150 (28)/58 (11) | 352 (66)/139 (26)/44 (8) | ||
| Lymph nodes removedb | ||||
| ≥12 | 128 (60)/59 (28)/27 (13) | 0.7496 | 170 (63)/69 (26)/29 (11) | 0.1872 |
| <12 | 216 (62)/98 (28)/37 (11) | 209 (66)/88 (28)/21 (7) | ||
| Perineural invasionb | ||||
| Yes | 17 (65)/6 (23)/3 (12) | 0.9559 | 30 (60)/17 (34)/3 (6) | 0.4251 |
| No | 225 (63)/92 (26)/41 (11) | 349 (65)/139 (26)/47 (9) | ||
| Vascular invasionb | ||||
| Yes | 22 (51)/13 (30)/8 (19) | 0.1367 | 45 (65)/19 (28)/5 (7) | 0.9179 |
| No | 246 (64)/101 (26)/38 (10) | 334 (65)/138 (27)/45 (9) | ||
| MMR status | ||||
| dMMR | 55 (32)/63 (37)/54 (31) | <0.0001 | 67 (39)/63 (37)/40 (24) | <0.0001 |
| pMMR | 291 (73)/96 (24)/12 (3) | 312 (75)/94 (23)/10 (2) | ||
Percentages are included in parentheses. Bold values are used for highlighting significant test results (p < 0.05)
p-Values are based on the chi-square test
Sum of the percentages do not always equal 100% due to rounding of data
CDX2 caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2, MMR mismatch repair, dMMR mismatch repair-deficient, pMMR mismatch repair-proficient
aIncluding mucinous and sigillocellular tumours
bThe numbers differ from the overall sample size due to “not available” data for the marked parameters according to Table 1