Table 2.
Comparison of oxygen saturation, heart rate, and HRV indexes between sexes in Preliminary phase.
| Females | Males | p-value | ES | ES rating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SpO2 (%) | 98.3 ± 0.8 | 96.9 ± 1.1 | 0.240 | 0.31 | Small |
| HR (beats.min−1) | 67 ± 11 | 61 ± 9 | 0.038 | 0.56 | Medium |
| Ln LF (ms2) | 5.9 ± 1.5 | 6.5 ± 1.0 | 0.092 | −0.45 | Small |
| Ln HF (ms2) | 6.9 ± 1.0 | 7.0 ± 0.9 | 0.708 | −0.10 | Trivial |
| Ln LF/HF | −1.0 ± 1.4 | −0.6 ± 1.2 | 0.188 | −0.35 | Small |
| Ln SDNN (ms) | 4.10 ± 0.43 | 4.24 ± 0.37 | 0.236 | −0.31 | Small |
| Ln rMSSD (ms) | 3.94 ± 0.55 | 4.06 ± 0.50 | 0.486 | −0.18 | Trivial |
| Ln SDNN/rMSSD | 0.16 ± 0.26 | 0.18 ± 0.25 | 0.716 | −0.10 | Trivial |
| LF (ms2) | 1,003 ± 1,655 | 1,148 ± 1,760 | |||
| HF (ms2) | 1,556 ± 1,534 | 1,547 ± 1,249 | |||
| LF/HF | 1.2 ± 2.6 | 1.2 ± 2.0 | |||
| SDNN (ms) | 66 ± 28 | 75 ± 29 | |||
| rMSSD (ms) | 59 ± 30 | 65 ± 32 | |||
| SDNN/rMSSD | 1.21 ± 0.31 | 1.24 ± 0.34 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD.
ES, effect size (Cohen's d); SpO2, oxygen saturation; HR, heart rate; Ln, natural logarithm; LF, low-frequency power; HF, high-frequency power; LF/HF, ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power; SDNN, standard deviation of RR intervals; rMSSD, square root of the mean of the squares of the successive differences; SDNN/rMSSD, ratio of SDNN to rMSSD.