Table 3.
Comparison of oxygen saturation, heart rate, and HRV indexes between sexes in Hypoxia phase.
| Females | Males | p-value | ES | ES rating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SpO2 (%) | 70.8 ± 7.1 | 71.9 ± 7.5 | 0.376 | −0.23 | Small |
| HR (beats.min−1) | 83 ± 14 | 80 ± 11 | 0.164 | 0.37 | Small |
| Ln LF (ms2) | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 1.5 | 0.016 | −0.65 | Medium |
| Ln HF (ms2) | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 5.4 ± 1.7 | 0.358 | 0.24 | Small |
| Ln LF/HF | −0.6 ± 1.4 | 0.5 ± 1.3 | 0.001 | −0.87 | Large |
| Ln SDNN (ms) | 3.59 ± 0.53 | 3.72 ± 0.60 | 0.295 | −0.28 | Small |
| Ln rMSSD (ms) | 3.18 ± 0.73 | 3.09 ± 0.86 | 0.590 | 0.14 | Trivial |
| Ln SDNN/rMSSD | 0.41 ± 0.31 | 0.63 ± 0.32 | 0.006 | −0.73 | Medium |
| LF (ms2) | 501 ± 1, 268 | 1,011 ± 1,628 | |||
| HF (ms2) | 656 ± 650 | 762 ± 1, 297 | |||
| LF/HF | 1.5 ± 2.6 | 3.4 ± 5.3 | |||
| SDNN (ms) | 42 ± 22 | 50 ± 35 | |||
| rMSSD (ms) | 31 ± 22 | 33 ± 33 | |||
| SDNN/rMSSD | 1.58 ± 0.51 | 1.96 ± 0.59 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD.
ES, effect size (Cohen's d); SpO2, oxygen saturation; HR, heart rate; Ln, natural logarithm; LF, low-frequency power; HF, high-frequency power; LF/HF, ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power; SDNN, standard deviation of RR intervals; rMSSD, square root of the mean of the squares of the successive differences; SDNN/rMSSD, ratio of SDNN to rMSSD.