Table 1.
Characteristics of propensity score matched cohort, among all women and by denosumab use
| Variable, n (%) unless otherwise noted | Value | Total | No denosumab | Denosumab | Standardized difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 100,368 | N = 75,276 | N = 25,092 | |||
| Age at index date | Mean ± SD | 76.3 ± 4.9 | 76.3 ± 4.9 | 76.3 ± 4.9 | 0.01 |
| Median (IQR) | 76 (72 – 80) | 76 (72 – 80) | 77 (72 – 80) | 0.01 | |
| 67 – 69 | 13,778 (14%) | 10,406 (14%) | 3372 (13%) | 0.01 | |
| 70 – 74 | 26,574 (26%) | 20,142 (27%) | 6432 (26%) | 0.03 | |
| 75 – 79 | 32,714 (33%) | 24,353 (32%) | 8361 (33%) | 0.02 | |
| 80 + | 27,302 (27%) | 20,375 (27%) | 6927 (28%) | 0.01 | |
| Resident location | Urban | 93,279 (93%) | 70,017 (93%) | 23,262 (93%) | 0.01 |
| Rural | 7089 (7%) | 5259 (7%) | 1830 (7%) | 0.01 | |
| Income quintile | Missing | 283 (0%) | 224 (0%) | 59 (0%) | 0.01 |
| 1 – Lowest | 18,816 (19%) | 14,391 (19%) | 4425 (18%) | 0.04 | |
| 2 | 21,022 (21%) | 15,791 (21%) | 5231 (21%) | 0 | |
| 3 | 19,808 (20%) | 14,919 (20%) | 4889 (19%) | 0.01 | |
| 4 | 20,839 (21%) | 15,542 (21%) | 5297 (21%) | 0.01 | |
| 5 – Highest | 19,600 (20%) | 14,409 (19%) | 5191 (21%) | 0.04 | |
| Years taking bisphosphonate | Mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 3.7 | 4.9 ± 3.7 | 4.9 ± 3.7 | 0 |
| Median (IQR) | 4 (2 – 8) | 4 (2 – 8) | 4 (2 – 8) | 0 | |
| <1 year | 17,988 (18%) | 13,390 (18%) | 4598 (18%) | 0.01 | |
| 1 – 2 years | 20,693 (21%) | 15,654 (21%) | 5039 (20%) | 0.02 | |
| 3 – 5 years | 25,880 (26%) | 19,388 (26%) | 6492 (26%) | 0 | |
| 6 – 9 years | 24,454 (24%) | 18,354 (24%) | 6100 (24%) | 0 | |
| 10 + years | 11,353 (11%) | 8490 (11%) | 2863 (11%) | 0 | |
| Years since last bisphosphonate use | Mean ± SD | 1.1 ± 2.0 | 1.1 ± 2.0 | 1.1 ± 2.0 | 0.02 |
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0.21 | |
| <1 year | 71,959 (72%) | 54,211 (72%) | 17,748 (71%) | 0.03 | |
| 1 – 2 years | 14,950 (15%) | 10,959 (15%) | 3991 (16%) | 0.04 | |
| 3 – 5 years | 9402 (9%) | 7056 (9%) | 2346 (9%) | 0 | |
| 6 + years | 4057 (4%) | 3050 (4%) | 1007 (4%) | 0 | |
| Primary care visit(s) in the previous year | Yes | 95,732 (95%) | 71,441 (95%) | 24,291 (97%) | 0.1 |
| Mean ± SD | 6.0 ± 5.1 | 5.9 ± 5.0 | 6.3 ± 5.2 | 0.07 | |
| Median (IQR) | 5 (3 – 8) | 5 (3 – 8) | 5 (3 – 8) | 0.09 | |
| Emergency department visit(s) in the previous year | Yes | 27,275 (27%) | 20,389 (27%) | 6886 (27%) | 0.01 |
| Mean ± SD | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.5 ± 1.3 | 0 | |
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0.01 | |
| Acute care hospitalization(s) in the previous year | Yes | 5612 (6%) | 4230 (6%) | 1382 (6%) | 0 |
| Mean ± SD | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.01 | |
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0 – 0) | 0 (0 – 0) | 0 (0 – 0) | 0 | |
| Mammogram(s) in the previous 2 years | Yes | 39,165 (39%) | 28,803 (38%) | 10,362 (41%) | 0.06 |
| Mean ± SD | 0.5 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.6 | 0.07 | |
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0 (0 – 1) | 0.07 | |
| No mammograms | 61,203 (61%) | 46,473 (62%) | 14,730 (59%) | 0.06 | |
| 1 mammogram | 32,353 (32%) | 23,925 (32%) | 8428 (34%) | 0.04 | |
| 2 mammograms | 6702 (7%) | 4807 (6%) | 1895 (8%) | 0.05 | |
| 3+ mammograms | 110 (0%) | 71 (0%) | 39 (0%) | 0.02 | |
| Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs) (2 year lookback) | Mean ± SD | 7.4 ± 3.3 | 7.4 ± 3.3 | 7.5 ± 3.3 | 0.03 |
| Median (IQR) | 7 (5 – 10) | 7 (5 – 10) | 7 (5 – 10) | 0.02 | |
| 0 – 4 ADGs | 19,668 (20%) | 14,821 (20%) | 4847 (19%) | 0.01 | |
| 5 – 9 ADGs | 55,259 (55%) | 41,545 (55%) | 13,714 (55%) | 0.01 | |
| 10 + ADGs | 25,441 (25%) | 18,910 (25%) | 6531 (26%) | 0.02 | |
| Fall-related Injury | Yes | 7846 (8%) | 5814 (8%) | 2032 (8%) | 0.01 |
| Nonfall-related injury | Yes | 4811 (5%) | 3615 (5%) | 1196 (5%) | 0 |
| Any fracture diagnosis | Yes | 4083 (4%) | 3026 (4%) | 1057 (4%) | 0.01 |
| Concurrent medication use (excluding bisphosphonates and denosumab) | Mean ± SD | 3.2 ± 2.8 | 3.2 ± 2.8 | 3.1 ± 2.7 | 0.05 |
| Median (IQR) | 3 (1 – 5) | 3 (1 – 5) | 3 (1 – 5) | 0.05 | |
| 0 medications | 16,966 (17%) | 12,701 (17%) | 4265 (17%) | 0 | |
| 1 – 4 medications | 55,974 (56%) | 41,610 (55%) | 14,364 (57%) | 0.04 | |
| 5 – 9 medications | 24,348 (24%) | 18,577 (25%) | 5771 (23%) | 0.04 | |
| 10 + medications | 3080 (3%) | 2388 (3%) | 692 (3%) | 0.02 | |
| Follow up in years | Mean ± SD | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 0.02 |
| Median (IQR) | 3 (1 – 4) | 3 (1 – 4) | 3 (1 – 4) | 0.02 | |
| Breast cancer diagnosisa | Yes | 1271 (1%) | 986 (1%) | 285 (1%) | 0.02 |
| Other cancer diagnosisa | Yes | 3022 (3%) | 2261 (3%) | 761 (3%) | 0 |
| Deatha | Yes | 5306 (5%) | 3970 (5%) | 1336 (5%) | 0 |
aNote: censoring not included in these outcomes. Outcomes are based on experiencing the event at any point in follow-up.