Table 2.

Common carotid artery measurements (mean ± SEM)

Group	Control (N = 24)	IUGR (N = 16)	ANOVA
Absolute values
Common carotid artery lumen area (mm2)	10.4 ± 0.4	10.5 ± 0.7	M > F***
Male	12.1 ± 0.5	12.5 ± 0.7
Female	8.8 ± 0.3	8.5 ± 0.4
Common carotid artery flowrate (mm3 s−1)	26.9 ± 1.8	29.5 ± 2.7	M > F***
Male	32.7 ± 2.3	37.7 ± 2.7
Female	21.2 ± 1.4	21.3 ± 2.1
Common carotid artery distensibility (10−3 mmHg−1)	5.68 ± 0.41	6.19 ± 0.72	NS
Male	5.47 ± 0.57	5.09 ± 0.77
Female	5.90 ± 0.62	7.28 ± 1.14
Peak systolic velocity (cm s−1)	68.2 ± 3.0	71.3 ± 4.2	M > F***
Male	73.5 ± 4.5	83.0 ± 3.7
Female	62.9 ± 3.4	59.6 ± 4.7
End systolic velocity (cm s−1)	12.5 ± 1.7	17.8 ± 1.1	IUGR > CTL*
Male	10.2 ± 3.1	18.3 ± 1.4
Female	14.7 ± 1.1	17.4 ± 1.7
End diastolic velocity (cm s−1)	15.0 ± 0.8	17.3 ± 0.9	M > F** IUGR > CTL*
Male	16.2 ± 1.3	19.3 ± 0.9
Female	13.8 ± 0.7	15.4 ± 1.2
Time‐average velocity (cm s−1)	25.6 ± 1.1	27.6 ± 1.3	M > F*
Male	27.1 ± 1.8	30.2 ± 1.4
Female	24.0 ± 1.2	25.1 ± 1.8
Resistive index (RI, ratio in %)	77.7 ± 1.0	75.2 ± 1.1	NS
Male	77.7 ± 1.5	76.5 ± 1.2
Female	77.6 ± 1.5	73.9 ± 1.9
Pulsatility index (PI, ratio)	2.10 ± 0.08	1.95 ± 0.09	NS
Male	2.14 ± 0.11	2.13 ± 0.13
Female	2.05 ± 0.11	1.77 ± 0.10
Normalized to body surface area (BSA)
Common carotid artery luminal area/BSA (mm2 m−2)	16.6 ± 0.4	17.3 ± 0.6	NS
Male	16.0 ± 0.7	17.7 ± 1.0
Female	17.2 ± 0.5	16.9 ± 0.9
Common carotid artery flowrate/BSA (mm3 s−1 m−2)	42.4 ± 2.1	47.8 ± 2.9	NS
Male	43.5 ± 3.6	53.3 ± 3.1
Female	41.4 ± 2.2	42.3 ± 4.1

ANOVA main effects reported. No significant sex‐group interaction was found. ^* P < 0.05; ^** P < 0.01; ^*** P < 0.001; NS, not significant.