Table 2.
Selected results from the mean distribution and percentiles for usual intake, prevalence of inadequate intake, and percentage of individuals above tolerable upper intake levels value by gender and age. Brazil, 2016–2017.
| Age (years) | N | EAR/AI 1 | UL 2 | Mean | SD 3 | P25 | SE 4 | P50 | SE | P75 | SE | PI(%) 5 | Above UL (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium (mg) | |||||||||||||
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 50+ | 88 | 1000 | 2000 | 1142.6 | 308.3 | 922.0 | 48.5 | 1111.0 | 43.5 | 1329.0 | 63.9 | 34.9 | 1.0 |
| Zinc (mg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 31–50+ | 140 | 9.4 | 40 | 14.6 | 6.2 | 10.4 | 0.8 | 13.4 | 0.9 | 17.5 | 1.5 | 17.4 | 0.8 |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 31–50+ | 179 | 6.8 | 40 | 10.0 | 3.2 | 7.6 | 0.5 | 9.5 | 0.5 | 11.8 | 0.8 | 15.7 | 0.0 |
| Iron (mg) | |||||||||||||
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50 | 202 | 8.1 * | 45 | 11.6 | 1.6 | 10.8 | - | 11.7 | - | 12.4 | - | 11.4 | 0.0 |
| Vitamin A (mcg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–30 | 76 | 625 | 3000 | 1202.7 | 604.9 | 772.0 | 107.0 | 1083.0 | 116.0 | 1500.0 | 192.0 | 14.0 | 1.4 |
| Vitamin C (mcg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 216 | 75 | 2000 | 208.4 | 314.1 | 78.5 | 14.4 | 128.5 | 21.1 | 226.0 | 53.4 | 23.0 | 0.6 |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 290 | 60 | 2000 | 283.1 | 862.3 | 64.5 | 10.8 | 113.0 | 19.0 | 231.0 | 63.3 | 22.2 | 1.7 |
| Vitamin D (mcg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 216 | 10 | 100 | 5.8 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 0.6 | 5.4 | 0.6 | 7.2 | 0.9 | 93.1 | 0.0 |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 290 | 10 | 100 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 99.3 | 0.0 |
| Vitamin E (mcg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 216 | 12 | 1000a | 8.2 | 2.9 | 6.1 | 0.5 | 7.7 | 0.5 | 9.8 | 0.8 | 89.1 | - |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 290 | 12 | 1000a | 6.2 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 0.3 | 5.9 | 0.3 | 7.2 | 0.5 | 98.8 | - |
| Vitamin B12 (mcg) | |||||||||||||
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 31–50+ | 179 | 2 | - | 3.5 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 4.2 | 0.4 | 12.3 | - |
| Folate (mcg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 216 | 400 | 1000a | 411.5 | 119.4 | 326.3 | 23.6 | 396.0 | 22.4 | 480.0 | 33.8 | 23.1 | - |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 290 | 400 | 1000a | 305.3 | 65.2 | 259.0 | 14.5 | 300.0 | 13.1 | 346.0 | 18.1 | 61.9 | - |
| Sodium (g) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–50 | 160 | 1.5b | 2.3 | 4.2 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.2 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 4.8 | 0.3 | - | 98.2 |
| 50+ | 56 | 1.3b | 2.3 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.2 | 3.5 | 0.2 | 4.3 | 0.3 | - | 95.3 |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50 | 202 | 1.5b | 2.3 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.1 | 2.9 | 0.1 | 3.3 | 0.2 | - | 86.6 |
| 50+ | 88 | 1.3b | 2.3 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 2.6 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 0.2 | - | 70.4 |
| Manganese (mg) | |||||||||||||
| Male | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 216 | 2.3b | 11 | 25.7 | 152.0 | 3.4 | 0.4 | 5.5 | 1.0 | 12.2 | 4.3 | - | 25.9 |
| Female | |||||||||||||
| 20–50+ | 290 | 1.8b | 11 | 9.3 | 34.7 | 2.7 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 6.4 | 1.8 | - | 12.8 |
1, Estimated Average Requirements/Adequate Intake; 2, Tolerable Upper Intake Levels; 3, Standard Deviation; 4, Standard Error; 5, Prevalence of inadequacy; *, Inadequate iron intake was calculated using the probabilistic approach. a, The Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) for vitamin E, niacin, and folate apply to synthetic forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two; b, Adequate Intake (AI).