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. 2018 Nov 19;10(11):1797. doi: 10.3390/nu10111797

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of synbiotic supplementation for 12 weeks on plasma adipokine levels. (A) adipokine levels and (B) cytokine levels in diet-induced obese mice. Data are mean ± S.E.; Significant differences of ND versus HFD are indicated; * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001; abcd Means with different superscript letters are significantly different among the groups (p < 0.05); ND: normal diet (5% fat, w/w); HFD: high fat diet (20% fat, 1% cholesterol, w/w); LS: HFD + Lactobacillus sakei LS03 109 cfu/day; GJ: HFD + Leuconostoc kimchi GJ2 109 cfu/day; AL: HFD + 3% allulose; AL-LS: AL + Lactobacillus sakei LS03 109 cfu/day; AL-GJ: AL + Leuconostoc kimchi GJ2 109 cfu/day; AL-LSGJ: AL + Lactobacillus sakei LS03 + L. Leuconostoc kimchi GJ2 109 cfu/each/day; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-1β: interleukin-1 beta; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alhpa.