Table 1.
Characteristic variables of patients with all types of trauma.
| Variables | Total | Survival | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 18,750) | No (n = 502) | Yes (n = 18,248) | |||
| Age (years) | 55 (38, 69) | 65 (48, 77) | 54 (37, 68) | <0.001 | |
| ISS | 9 (4, 11) | 25 (16, 29) | 9 (4, 10) | <0.001 | |
| GCS | 15 (15, 15) | 6 (3, 14) | 15 (15, 15) | <0.001 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 147 (127, 170) | 153 (121, 184) | 147 (127, 169) | 0.122 | |
| HR (times/min) | 85 (74, 97) | 94 (77, 114) | 84 (74, 96) | <0.001 | |
| RR (times/min) | 18 (18, 20) | 19 (18, 20) | 18 (18, 20) | <0.001 | |
| SI | 0.57 (0.47, 0.69) | 0.62 (0.48, 0.84) | 0.57 (0.47, 0.69) | <0.001 | |
| rSI | 1.75 (1.44, 2.11) | 1.60 (1.19, 2.10) | 1.75 (1.45, 2.11) | <0.001 | |
| rSIG | 25.46 (20.57, 30.98) | 9.39 (5.25, 19.79) | 25.64 (20.85, 31.09) | <0.001 | |
| RTS | 7.84 (7.84, 7.84) | 5.97 (4.09, 7.44) | 7.84 (7.84, 7.84) | <0.001 | |
| TRISS | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) | 0.70 (0.37, 0.92) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) | <0.001 | |
| Sex, n (%) | Female | 8150 (43.5%) | 203 (35.3%) | 7975 (43.7%) | <0.001 |
| Male | 10,600 (56.5%) | 325 (64.7%) | 10,275 (56.3%) | ||
| AIS (Head), n (%) | 0 | 13,407 (71.5%) | 87 (17.3%) | 13,320 (73.0%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 1006 (5.4%) | 12 (2.4%) | 994 (5.5%) | ||
| 2 | 388 (2.1%) | 6 (1.2%) | 382 (2.1%) | ||
| 3 | 1280 (6.8%) | 27 (5.4%) | 1253 (6.9%) | ||
| 4 | 2129 (11.4%) | 122 (24.3%) | 2007 (11.0%) | ||
| 5 | 525 (2.8%) | 235 (46.8%) | 290 (1.6%) | ||
| 6 | 15 (0.1%) | 13 (2.6%) | 2 (0.01%) | ||
| AIS (Face), n (%) | 0 | 16,003 (85.4%) | 438 (87.3%) | 15,565 (85.3%) | 0.002 |
| 1 | 873 (4.7%) | 10 (2.0%) | 863 (4.7%) | ||
| 2 | 1829 (9.8%) | 50 (10.0%) | 1779 (9.8%) | ||
| 3 | 45 (0.2%) | 4 (0.8%) | 41 (0.2%) | ||
| AIS (Thorax), n (%) | 0 | 16,376 (87.3%) | 375 (74.7%) | 16,001 (87.7%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 389 (2.1%) | 11 (2.2%) | 378 (2.1%) | ||
| 2 | 592 (3.2%) | 14 (2.89%) | 578 (3.2%) | ||
| 3 | 948 (5.1%) | 51 (10.2%) | 897 (4.9%) | ||
| 4 | 419 (2.2%) | 43 (8.6%) | 376 (2.1%) | ||
| 5 | 25 (0.1%) | 7 (1.4%) | 18 (0.1%) | ||
| 6 | 1 (0.01%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| AIS (Abdomen), n (%) | 0 | 17,483 (93.2%) | 436 (86.9%) | 17,047 (93.4%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 86 (0.5%) | 2 (0.4%) | 84 (0.5%) | ||
| 2 | 651 (3.5%) | 27 (5.4%) | 624 (3.4%) | ||
| 3 | 366 (2.0%) | 14 (2.8%) | 352 (1.9%) | ||
| 4 | 129 (0.7%) | 19 (3.8%) | 110 (0.6%) | ||
| 5 | 35 (0.2%) | 4 (0.8%) | 31 (0.2%) | ||
| AIS (Extremity), n (%) | 0 | 5040 (26.9%) | 316 (63.0%) | 4724 (25.9%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 1163 (6.2%) | 9 (1.8%) | 1154 (6.3%) | ||
| 2 | 7139 (38.1%) | 89 (17.7%) | 7050 (38.6%) | ||
| 3 | 5358 (28.6%) | 73 (14.5%) | 5285 (29.0%) | ||
| 4 | 43 (0.2%) | 12 (2.4%) | 31 (0.2%) | ||
| 5 | 7 (0.04%) | 3 (0.6%) | 4 (0.02%) | ||
| AIS (External), n (%) | 0 | 17,027 (90.8%) | 465 (92.6%) | 16,562 (90.8%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 1613 (8.6%) | 27 (5.4%) | 1586 (8.7%) | ||
| 2 | 85 (0.5%) | 2 (0.4%) | 83 (0.5%) | ||
| 3 | 12 (0.06%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (0.1%) | ||
| 4 | 3 (0.02%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (0.02%) | ||
| 5 | 5 (0.03%) | 4 (0.8%) | 1 (0.01%) | ||
| 6 | 5 (0.03%) | 4 (0.8%) | 1 (0.01%) | ||
AIS = abbreviated injury scale; GCS = Glasgow coma scale; ISS = injury severity score; rSI = reverse shock index; rSIG = rSI multiplied by GCS score; RTS = revised trauma score; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SI = shock index; TRISS = the trauma and injury severity score.