Figure 5.

Effects of B. carinata intervention on prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) plasma levels. White boxes show the PGE₂ plasma concentration before (pre) and after (post) intervention with the preparation from cooked B. carinata leaves (−ITC), and grey boxes show the PGE₂ plasma concentration before (pre) and after (post) B. carinata intervention with the preparation from raw B. carinata leaves (+ITC) as pg/mL −ITC: n = 18; +ITC: n = 20. Outlier removed. Minimum and maximum values, lower and upper quartiles, and median values are given. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (** p ≤ 0.01; Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test).