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. 2018 Oct 31;15(11):2424. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15112424

Table 4.

Results of multinomial logistic regression of intervention group’s effect on negative outcome, return to work, or increased employability.

Variable Return to Work or Change in System Position
Negative Outcome Increased Employability Return to Work
Crude
OR (95% CI)		 Adjusted
OR (95% CI)		 Crude
OR (95% CI)		 Adjusted
OR (95% CI)		 Crude OR
(95% CI)		 Adjusted
OR (95% CI)
Intervention group Group
Control (ref.) 1 1 1 1 1 1
MDTa group 0.36
(0.12–1.06)		 0.19 *
(0.05–0.72)		 2.73 **
(1.29–5.77)		 4.24 **
(1.60–11.26)		 2.77 **
(1.36–5.66)		 3.31 **
(1.39–7.87)
ACTb group 0.75
(0.26–2.13)		 0.36
(0.10–1.35)		 3.63 **
(1.61–8.19)		 3.22 *
(1.13–9.15)		 1.56
(0.66–3.86)		 1.36
(0.48–3.86)
Demographic Age 0.99
(0.94–1.04)		 0.94
(0.88–1.01)		 0.95 **
(0.92–0.99)		 0.94 *
(0.90–0.99)		 0.97
(0.93–1.01)		 0.96
(0.92–1.01)
Education level
Compulsory school 1 1 1 1 1 1
Secondary school or equal 1.41
(0.40–4.91)		 0.76
(0.16–3.57)		 3.78 *
(1.31–10.92)		 4.52 *
(1.29–15.87)		 1.16
(0.49–2.77)		 1.08
(0.40–2.89)
University 1.44
(0.40–5.22)		 0.61
(0.13–2.98)		 1.79
(0.57–5.64)		 2.24
(0.58–8.71)		 1.10
(0.45–2.74)		 0.85
(0.30–2.39)
Health and work-related factors HADSc, Anxiety 0.93
(0.85–1.01)		 0.92
(0.80–1.06)		 0.99
(0.93–1.06)		 1.02
(0.92–1.14)		 0.96
(0.90–1.02)		 1.05
(0.94–1.16)
HADSc, Depression 0.93
(0.85–1.02)		 1.14
(0.96–1.35)		 0.96
(0.90–1.02)		 0.98
(0.87–1.10)		 0.96
(0.89–1.02)		 1.01
(0.90–1.13)
Self-efficacy (<2.30) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Self-efficacy (≥2.30) 1.99
(0.84–4.73)		 1.81
(0.52–6.34)		 1.74
(0.93–3.25)		 2.71*
(1.07–6.91)		 2.35 *
(1.22–4.50)		 3.31 **
(1.34–8.15)
Employment contract
Not employed 1 1 1 1 1 1
Have work 3.96 *
(1.13–13.93)		 1.66
(0.32–8.70		 0.52 *
(0.28–0.95)		 0.64
(0.27–1.54)		 1.55
(0.78–3.11)		 1.09
(0.44–2.71)
Extent of sick leave
Full time 1 1 1 1 1 1
Part time 15.65 **
(3.55–68.94)		 34.57 **
(3.84–311.31)		 0.56
(0.30–1.05)		 0.44
(0.17–1.02)		 1.65
(0.89–3.05)		 1.42
(0.62–3.21)
Years, with income replacement 1.07
(0.94–1.22)		 1.07
(0.89–1.29)		 0.99
(0.90–1.09)		 0.99
(0.89–1.12)		 0.98
(0.89–1.07)		 0.96
(0.85–1.07)

Reference outcome category: No change. For the adjusted model, Nagelkerke r2 = 37.8%. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. aMultidisciplinary treatment. bAcceptance and Commitment Therapy. cHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, ranging from 0 to 21. Odds ratio (OR), significant level and confidence interval (CI) for having made RTW or (positive) system position change or negative change.