Table 1.
Antibacterial activities of Leaf extracts of Centella asiatica, Warburgia salutaris and Curtisia dentate
| Zone 0f inhibition | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centella Asiatica |
Curtisia Dentate |
Warburgia salutaris |
Controls | |||||||||||
| Test organisms | Methanol | Ethyl Acetate |
Acetone | water | Methanol | Ethyl Acetate |
Acetone | water | Methanol | Ethyl Acetate |
Acetone | water | Cipro | 1% DMSO |
| E. avium | 19 ± 2.0 | 12 ± 0.4 | 13 ± 2.0 | 10 ± 0.4 | 18 ± 1.5 | 11 ± 2.0 | 15 ± 0.6 | 7 ± 0.1 | 16 ± 0.6 | 11 ± 2.1 | 14 ± 3.0 | 11 ± 1.1 | 31 ± 2.1 | NA |
| S. aureus | 18 ± 1.4 | 13 ± 1.4 | 10 ± 0.7 | 7 ± 3.0 | 15 ± 2.5 | 13 ± 1.5 | 17 ± 1.0 | 11 ± 1.1 | 19 ± 2.0 | 12 ± 2.0 | 21 ± 1.0 | 8 ± 1.2 | 27 ± 0.5 | NA |
| S. agalactiae | 29 ± 0.4 | 10 ± 2.5 | 15 ± 0.3 | 8 ± 1.2 | 12 ± 1.5 | 15 ± 1.2 | 16 ± 1.5 | 11 ± 0.2 | 13 ± 1.2 | 9 ± 1.2 | 14 ± 0.5 | NA | 22 ± 1.5 | NA |
| B. cereus | 19 ± 0.0 | 10 ± 0.4 | 9 ± 1.2 | 8 ± 0.6 | 19 ± 1.5 | 13 ± 0.6 | 13 ± 1.0 | 10 ± 0.8 | 13 ± 1.2 | 10 ± 0.6 | 15 ± 1.0 | 9 ± .0.9 | 25 ± 0.5 | NA |
| E. hirae | 15 ± 1.0 | 13 ± 0.4 | 11 ± 1.4 | 8 ± 2.8 | 13 ± 0.7 | 15 ± 2.5 | 14 ± 1.2 | 9 ± 1.5 | 17 ± 1.5 | 12 ± 0.8 | 11 ± 0.5 | 7 ± 1.5 | 28 ± 1.5 | NA |
| E. faecalis | 16 ± 0.4 | 21 ± 0.4 | 13 ± 2.2 | 10 ± 3.1 | 18 ± 1.5 | 13 ± 1.2 | 14 ± 1.5 | 11 ± 0.2 | 12 ± 2.1 | 10 ± 0.5 | 12 ± 0.2 | 8 ± 0.6 | 35 ± 1.7 | NA |
| E. gallinarium | 10 ± 0.5 | 14 ± 1.7 | 11 ± 1.0 | 7 ± 0.3 | 16 ± 2.0 | 12 ± 1.2 | 12 ± 1.0 | 7 ± 1.4 | 13 ± 0.6 | 12 ± 0.3 | 10 ± 1.0 | NA | 26 ± 2.0 | NA |
| E. coli | 16 ± 0.0 | 8 ± 1.0 | 10 ± 0.3 | 8 ± 1.1 | 10 ± 1.4 | 11 ± 1.4 | 11 ± 1.5 | NA | 12 ± 1.0 | 10 ± 1.2 | 14 ± 1.5 | 10 ± 1.4 | 21 ± 1.7 | NA |
| P. aeruginosa | 17 ± 1.0 | 8 ± 0.6 | 12 ± 1.0 | NA | 12 ± 0.7 | 12 ± 0.6 | 12 ± 1.0 | NA | 14 ± 1.0 | 9 ± 1.5 | 12 ± 0.6 | 8 ± 1.0 | 23 ± 1.5 | NA |
| P. mirabilis | 14 ± 1.0 | 10 ± 1.6 | 9 ± 1.1 | 8 ± 0.0 | 10 ± 1.4 | 15 ± 0.4 | 15 ± 0.5 | 9 ± 2.5 | 16 ± 0.6 | NA | 11 ± 0.7 | NA | 26 ± 1.1 | NA |
| P. vulgaris | 9 ± 1.0 | 9 ± 0.6 | 12 ± 0.6 | 9 ± 0.8 | 16 ± 2.5 | 14 ± 0.3 | 11 ± 0.8 | 7 ± 3.0 | 11 ± 0.0 | 9 ± 0.6 | 8 ± 0.4 | NA | 24 ± 0.5 | NA |
| K. pneumonia | 12 ± 2.0 | 7 ± 0.6 | 10 ± 0.6 | NA | 10 ± 2.1 | 11 ± 1.5 | 10 ± 1.5 | NA | 12 ± 1.0 | 11 ± 2.0 | 11 ± 1.0 | NA | 25 ± 2.0 | NA |
|
Acinetobacter
Calcaoceuticals Anitratus |
10 ± 0.6 | 8 ± 0.3 | 9 ± 0.7 | NA | 12 ± 2.3 | 11 ± 1.1 | 10 ± 0.6 | 8.0 ± 1.4 | 13 ± 1.0 | 10 ± 1.2 | 10 ± 1.1 | NA | 23 ± 1.5 | NA |
| S. typhi | 11 ± 1.1 | 9 ± 0.6 | 7 ± 0.6 | NA | 12 ± 0.7 | 10 ± 1.5 | 12 ± 0.6 | NA | 13 ± 1.5 | 11 ± 1.5 | 9 ± 1.2 | NA | 27 ± 0.5 | NA |
Inhibition zone diameters (mm) including diameter of the sterile disc (6 mm): values are given as mean ± SD (3 replicates). ND = not determined; NA = not active. DMSO = Dimethyl sulfoxide. SD = standard deviation. (P ≤ 0.05)