Table 1.
Characteristics of the study subjects.
| Delirium Group (n = 58) | Non-Delirium Group (n = 595) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 80.4 ± 11.1 | 69.1 ± 13.8 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 31 (53) | 408 (69) | 0.03 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.4 ± 3.8 | 23.7 ± 4.5 | 0.02 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 55 ± 14 | 55 ± 16 | NS |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 24 (41) | 172 (29) | NS |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 20 (34) | 272 (46) | NS |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 35 (60) | 305 (51) | NS |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 15 (26) | 93 (16) | NS |
| Dementia, n (%) | 17 (29) | 12 (2) | <0.001 |
| Cerebral infarction, n (%) | 7 (12) | 46 (7.7) | NS |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 11 (19) | 66 (11) | NS |
| Diagnosis on admission | 0.002 | ||
| Acute decompensated heart failure, n (%) | 32 (55) | 209 (35) | |
| Acute coronary syndrome, n (%) | 7 (12) | 200 (34) | |
| Aortic disease, n (%) | 5 (9) | 17 (3) | |
| PTE/DVT, n (%) | 2 (3) | 20 (3) | |
| VT/VF, n (%) | 1 (2) | 18 (3) | |
| Others, n (%) | 11 (19) | 131 (22) | |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 149 ± 51 | 164 ± 41 | 0.002 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 87 ± 56 | 95 ± 56 | NS |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 40 ± 13 | 44 ± 14 | 0.02 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 89 ± 34 | 101 ± 33 | 0.007 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.9 ± 2.2 | 1.5 ± 1.8 | 0.003 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.4 ± 2.0 | 6.1 ± 1.0 | NS |
| CRP, mg/dL | 4.1 ± 5.9 | 2.0 ± 4.0 | <0.001 |
| NT-pro BNP, pg/mL | 14718 ± 22640 | 6209 ± 15418 | <0.001 |
| Medication | |||
| Antiplatelets, n (%) | 17 (29) | 222 (37) | NS |
| Anticoagulants, n (%) | 14 (24) | 101 (17) | NS |
| ACE-I/ARBs, n (%) | 20 (34) | 195 (33) | NS |
| β-blockers, n (%) | 20 (34) | 184 (31) | NS |
| Calcium channel blockers, n (%) | 15 (26) | 194 (33) | NS |
| Statin, n (%) | 16 (28) | 199 (33) | NS |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents, n (%) | 11 (20) | 97 (18) | NS |
| Insulin, n (%) | 4 (7) | 31 (5) | NS |
| Antipsychotics, n (%) | 2 (3.5) | 2 (0.3) | 0.04 |
| Anti-depressants, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (0.5) | NS |
| Anxiolytic drugs, n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (1.5) | NS |
| Benzodiazepines, n (%) | 1 (1.8) | 20 (3.4) | NS |
| Nonbenzodiazepines, n (%) | 2 (3.5) | 6 (1.0) | NS |
Data are presented as means ± SD or number (percentage). PTE, pulmonary thromboembolism; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; VT, ventricular tachycardia; VF, ventricular fibrillation; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c, national glycohemoglobin standardization program calculation; CRP, C-reactive protein; NT-pro BNP, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; ACE-I, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers.