Table 1.
Maternal Demographics and Characteristics
| Variable | Response |
|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD)a | 24.1 ± 4.2 |
| Race/Ethnicity, n (%)b | |
| Asian American | 2 (4.4) |
| Black/African American | 6 (13.3) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 36 (80.0) |
| Other | 1 (2.2) |
| Education, n (%)b | |
| Grades 9–11 | 2 (4.4) |
| High school graduate/GED | 17 (37.8) |
| Some college/technical school | 21 (46.7) |
| Four-year college degree or more | 5 (11.1) |
| Health insurance, n (%)b | |
| Medicaid or Medicare | 39 (86.7) |
| Private insurance | 2 (4.4) |
| Other | 4 (8.9) |
| Employed outside of the home for a salary, n (%)b | |
| Yes | 25 (55.6) |
| No | 20 (44.4) |
| Marital status, n (%)b | |
| Married | 11 (24.4) |
| Single | 11 (24.4) |
| Living with partner, but not married | 23 (51.1) |
| Nullipara, n (%)a | 42 (85.7) |
| Gestational age at enrollment, weeks (mean ± SD)b | 21.3 ± 5.1 |
| Trimester at enrollment, n (%)a | |
| First | 1 (2.0) |
| Second | 42 (85.7) |
| Third | 6 (12.2) |
| Prepregnancy BMI (mean ± SD)a | 28.3 ± 6.7 |
| Prepregnancy BMI, n (%)a | |
| Underweight | 3 (6.1) |
| Normal | 12 (24.5) |
| Overweight | 17 (34.7) |
| Obese | 17 (34.7) |
| History of regular cigarette use, n (%)b | |
| Yes | 5 (11.1) |
| No | 39 (86.7) |
| Unknown | 1 (2.2) |
| Self-reported daily Internet use, n (%)b | 41 (91.1) |
| Self-reported “very comfortable” using a computer and/or the Internet, n (%)b | 41 (91.1) |
| Type of smartphone owned, n (%)b | |
| iPhone | 31 (68.9) |
| Droid | 14 (31.1) |
| “Before pregnancy, how much did you exercise?” n (%)b | |
| Not at all | 8 (17.8) |
| Occasionally | 16 (35.6) |
| Once a month | 3 (6.7) |
| Once a week | 4 (8.9) |
| More than 1 time a week | 9 (20.0) |
| Every day | 5 (11.1) |
| “Before pregnancy, describe your nutrition,” n (%)b | |
| Very poor | 4 (8.9) |
| Poor | 5 (11.1) |
| Average | 25 (55.6) |
| Good | 11 (24.4) |
a
Total analytic cohort, n = 49.
b
Subset of analytic cohort completing baseline survey, n = 45.
BMI, body mass index; GED, general equivalency development.