Table 2.
Consumption (g/day) and contribution of 15 food groups to protein intake (%) among consumers with low and adequate protein intakes
| Food groups | Consumption weight (g/day) | Contribution to protein intake (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low proteina | Adequate proteina | p value* | Low proteina | Adequate proteina | p value* | |
| Meat and meat products | 72.5 (43.4–110.4) | 128.5 (82.5–187.3) | < 0.001 | 30.7 (19.6–40.5) | 37.0 (23.8–47.7) | < 0.001 |
| Cereals and cereal products | 145.5 (105.3–203.8) | 239.5 (164.0–334.5) | < 0.001 | 25.4 (19.2–32.2) | 23.1 (17.5–30.0) | 0.009 |
| Fish and fish dishes | 45.0 (23.8–60.0) | 64.0 (42.0–103.0) | < 0.001 | 15.6 (10.4–21.5) | 16.8 (10.2–25.8) | 0.327 |
| Milk and milk products | 105.8 (50.0–195.8) | 155.5 (75.8–245.6) | < 0.001 | 11.7 (6.2–20.6) | 10.7 (6.4–17.4) | 0.196 |
| Eggs and egg dishes | 30.0 (25.0–55.0) | 30.0 (25.0–60.0) | 0.108 | 10.4 (6.3–16.8) | 7.0 (4.6–10.7) | < 0.001 |
| Non-alcoholic beveragesb | 1100 (880–1415) | 1265 (960–1573) | < 0.001 | 9.5 (6.0–12.2) | 6.6 (4.2–8.9) | < 0.001 |
| Nuts and seeds | 13.8 (8.5–18.8) | 15.5 (6.0–23.5) | 0.760 | 5.4 (4.6–6.4) | 3.6 (2.1–5.5) | 0.071 |
| Vegetables | 89.0 (49.0–134.0) | 114.5 (65.3–171.0) | < 0.001 | 4.5 (2.0–7.3) | 3.5 (1.8–5.4) | 0.002 |
| Potatoes | 84.3 (48.5–138.0) | 110.5 (70.0–160.5) | < 0.001 | 4.0 (2.2–6.5) | 3.1 (2.0–4.9) | 0.002 |
| Fruit | 124.5 (85.3–197.8) | 157.5 (84.8–247.3) | 0.023 | 2.2 (1.2–3.5) | 1.5 (0.8–2.6) | < 0.001 |
| Savoury snacks | 14.0 (8.4–14.0) | 14.0 (7.0–17.1) | 0.887 | 1.7 (1.1–2.7) | 1.1 (0.7–1.5) | 0.002 |
| Miscellaneous | 65.0 (20.0–150.0) | 53.0 (22.0–141.0) | 0.602 | 1.2 (0.3–5.3) | 0.7 (0.2–2.9) | 0.002 |
| Sugar, preserves and confectionery | 16.0 (10.0–32.6) | 21.3 (11.4–39.0) | 0.032 | 1.4 (0.0–2.0) | 0.2 (0.0–1.2) | 0.448 |
| Alcoholic beverages | 124.0 (50.0–445.5) | 135.8 (53.8–288.5) | 0.924 | 0.2 (0.0–2.3) | 0.2 (0.0–0.7) | 0.209 |
| Oils and fat spreads | 16.0 (9.0–24.0) | 18.0 (12.0–28.0) | 0.005 | 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0.054 |
Values are medians and interquartile ranges
aBW adjusted body weight (kg)
*Mann–Whitney U test for no difference between low < 0.8 g/kg aBW/day) and adequate protein intake (≥ 0.8 g/kg aBW/day)
aBody weight was adjusted to reflect a healthy BMI in older adults of 22–27 kg/m2
bIncludes tea/coffee with added milk