Figure 2.

Effect of DHA on nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and IκBα levels in PANC-1 cells. Cells were pre-treated with the indicated concentrations of DHA for 4 h. (A) DNA-binding activity of NF-κB was examined by the luciferase assay. * p < 0.05 vs. “None”. Column “None” corresponds to the extract from untreated cells, and columns “50”, “100”, and “150” to the extracts of cells treated with 50, 100, and 150 µM DHA, respectively. (B) Audioradiogram of the Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) gel on which nuclear extracts treated with a [³²P]-oligonucleotide probe for NF-κB were chromatographed. The description of the columns is the same as in (A). (C) Western blot analysis of phospho-specific IκBα and IκBα (and the protein standard actin) present in untreated cells (column “None”), and the cells pre-treated with 50, 100, and 150 µM DHA, respectively (columns “50”, “100”, and “150”).