Table 3.
Regression modelling, binary distribution, probit link, comparing persistent high-cost with not persistently high-cost use, mental health and addiction cohort, excluding long-term care residents, Saskatoon Health Region, FY2009–2015 (n = 124,497)
| Predictor | Estimate | SE | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.002 | ||
| < 49 years | (reference) | ||
| ≥ 50 years | 0.14 | 0.05 | |
| Sex | 0.561 | ||
| Male | (reference) | ||
| Female | 0.03 | 0.05 | |
| Mental health condition | < 0.001 | ||
| Anxiety disorders | (reference) | ||
| Mood/affective disorders | 0.25 | 0.05 | |
| Schizophrenic disorders | 0.94 | 0.07 | |
| Substance-related disorders | 0.13 | 0.06 | |
| Housing | < 0.001 | ||
| Stable housing | (reference) | ||
| Unstable housing | 0.39 | 0.07 | |
| Comorbid conditions | < 0.001 | ||
| None | (reference) | ||
| 1 | 0.43 | 0.04 | |
| 2 or more | 0.92 | 0.05 | |
| Connection to a primary care provider | 0.002 | ||
| Not connected | (reference) | ||
| Well connected | 0.09 | 0.03 | |
| Number of mental health conditions | < 0.001 | ||
| 1 | (reference) | ||
| 2 or more | 0.29 | 0.03 | |
| Hospitalization(s) | < 0.001 | ||
| No | (reference) | ||
| Yes | 0.54 | 0.03 | |
| Died during study period | < 0.001 | ||
| No | (reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.95 | 0.05 | |
| Connection to a primary care provider*, number of mental health conditions | 0.001 | ||
| Well connected, 2 or more | 0.12 | 0.04 | |
| Housing*, comorbid conditions | 0.023 | ||
| Unstable housing, 1 comorbid condition | − 0.10 | 0.12 | |
| Unstable housing, 2 or more comorbid conditions | − 0.35 | 0.13 | |
| Comorbid conditions*, hospitalization(s) | 0.010 | ||
| 1 comorbid, hospitalized | − 0.05 | 0.05 | |
| 2 or more, hospitalized | 0.12 | 0.05 | |
| Comorbid conditions*, died during study period | < 0.001 | ||
| 1, died | − 0.23 | 0.06 | |
| 2 or more, died | − 0.38 | 0.05 | |
| Number of mental health conditions*, died during study period | < 0.001 | ||
| 2 or more, died | − 0.33 | 0.05 | |
| Connection to a primary care provider*, died during study period | < 0.001 | ||
| Well connected, died | − 0.64 | 0.04 | |
| Age*, mental health condition | < 0.001 | ||
| ≥ 50 years, mood | − 0.14 | 0.06 | |
| ≥ 50 years, schizophrenia | − 0.73 | 0.10 | |
| ≥ 50 years, substance-related | − 0.19 | 0.07 | |
| Age*, sex | 0.993 | ||
| ≥ 50 years, female | 0.001 | 0.06 | |
| Sex*, mental health condition | 0.101 | ||
| Female, mood | − 0.12 | 0.06 | |
| Female, schizophrenia | 0.06 | 0.11 | |
| Female, substance-related | − 0.12 | 0.08 | |
| Age*, sex*, mental health condition | 0.005 | ||
| ≥ 50 years, female, mood | 0.18 | 0.08 | |
| ≥ 50 years, female, schizophrenia | − 0.30 | 0.14 | |
| ≥ 50 years, female, substance-related | 0.08 | 0.11 | |
| Intercept | − 3.09 | 0.05 | |
Area under the curve = 0.90; Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit: χ2 = 11.1; df = 8; p = 0.2
*Disorders of adult personality are included with mood/affective disorders due to small cell sizes (< 5 when stratified)