Table 1.
Characteristics of patients
| Characteristics | Local ablative therapy + chemotherapy (n=105) | Local ablative therapy alone (n=58) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Age (years), n (%) | |||
| ≤65 | 91 (86.7) | 47 (81.0) | 0.339 |
| >65 | 14 (13.3) | 11 (19.0) | |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Male | 82 (78.1) | 46 (79.3) | 0.856 |
| Female | 23 (21.9) | 12 (20.7) | |
| Histology, n (%) | |||
| Squamous | 39 (37.1) | 26 (44.8) | 0.337 |
| Non-squamous | 66 (62.9) | 32 (55.2) | |
| Differentiation, n (%) | |||
| Low | 49 (46.7) | 28 (48.3) | 1.000 |
| Intermediate/high | 50 (47.6) | 27 (46.5) | |
| Unknown | 6 (5.7) | 3 (5.2) | |
| pTNM stage, n (%) | |||
| I/II | 60 (57.2) | 35 (60.3) | 0.437 |
| III | 39 (37.1) | 17 (29.3) | |
| Unknown | 6 (5.7) | 6 (10.4) | |
| ECOG PS, n (%) | |||
| 0 | 36 (34.3) | 17 (29.3) | 0.529 |
| 1 | 58 (55.2) | 37 (63.8) | |
| 2 | 11 (10.5) | 4 (6.9) | |
| Adjuvant therapy, n (%) | |||
| Chemotherapy | 80 (76.2) | 42 (72.4) | 0.820 |
| Chemoradiotherapy | 9 (8.6) | 5 (8.6) | |
| Others | 16 (15.2) | 11 (19.0) | |
| Disease-free interval (months), n (%) | |||
| ≤24 | 73 (69.5) | 37 (63.8) | 0.455 |
| >24 | 32 (30.5) | 21 (36.2) | |
| Image diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| PET | 16 (15.2) | 10 (17.2) | 0.738 |
| CT/MRI/ECT | 89 (84.8) | 48 (82.8) | |
| Metastasis, n (%) | |||
| 1 | 77 (73.3) | 48 (82.8) | 0.173 |
| 2–5 | 28 (26.7) | 10 (17.2) | |
| Local ablative therapy, n (%) | |||
| Radiotherapy | 93 (88.6) | 49 (84.5) | 0.072 |
| Surgery | 10 (9.5) | 3 (5.2) | |
| Radiotherapy + surgery | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Othersa | 2 (1.9) | 5 (8.6) | |
| Metastasis location, n (%) | |||
| Regional lymph nodes | 48 (45.7) | 22 (37.9) | 0.124 |
| Brain | 25 (23.8) | 21 (36.2) | |
| Lung | 20 (19.0) | 7 (12.1) | |
| Bone | 18 (17.1) | 4 (6.9) | |
| Adrenal gland | 5 (4.8) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Liver | 1 (1.0) | 3 (5.2) | |
| Othersb | 8 (7.6) | 5 (8.6) | |
Notes:
a
In addition to radiotherapy and surgery, one patient underwent radiofrequency ablation and one underwent particle implantation in the combination therapy group, whereas four underwent embolizations and one received particle implantation in the local treatment group.
b
Other metastasis sites included the chest wall and retroperitoneal lymph nodes.
Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score; ECT, emission computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PET, positron emission tomography; pTNM, Pathological Tumor-Node-Metastasis.