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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Contraception. 2017 Aug 17;96(6):411–419. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2017.08.003

Table 3.

Measures of health utility for different pregnancy contexts.

Measures of Pregnancy Context Visual Analog Scale (n=95) PROMIS GSF-derived utility (n=114) Standard Gamble (n=121) Time Trade Off (n=120)
Mean (SD) p-Valuea Mean (SD) p-Valueb Mean (SD) p-Valuea Mean (SD) p-Valuea
Overall 0.79 (0.27) 0.71 (0.10) 0.996 (0.017) 0.9997 (0.001)
Assessment of pre-pregnancy perspectives
Intention <.001 .327 .408 .046
 Intended to get pregnant 0.90 (0.17) 0.73 (0.10) 0.994 (0.023) 0.99999 (0.0003)
 Intentions changing 0.90 (0.17) 0.71 (0.12) 1.000 (0.000) 0.9995 (0.0016)
 Did not intend to get pregnant 0.68 (0.30) 0.70 (0.10) 0.996 (0.015) 0.9996 (0.0012)
Wanted <.0001 .012 .026 .004
 Wanted to have a baby 0.90 (0.18) 0.74 (0.10) 0.995 (0.022) 0.9999 (0.0007)
 Mixed feelings 0.83 (0.24) 0.68 (0.10) 1.000 (0.000) 0.9997 (0.0013)
 Did not want to have a baby 0.57 (0.29) 0.71 (0.10) 0.992 (0.020) 0.9994 (0.0014)
London Measures .001 .053 .005 .005
 Planned 0.91 (0.17) 0.74 (0.10) 0.999 (0.008) 0.9999 (0.0001)
 Ambivalent 0.79 (0.25) 0.71 (0.10) 0.997 (0.018) 0.9996 (0.0012)
 Unplanned 0.60 (0.33) 0.67 (0.10) 0.989 (0.023) 0.9993 (0.0015)
Assessment of post-conception perspectives
Timing <.0001 .001 0.100 .004
 Right time 0.89 (0.17) 0.75 (0.09) 0.996 (0.019) 0.9999 (0.0006)
 Ok but not quite right 0.79 (0.26) 0.68 (0.10) 0.998 (0.010) 0.9996 (0.0013)
 Wrong time 0.57 (0.31) 0.68 (0.09) 0.992 (0.021) 0.9993 (0.0015)
Desired <.0001 .017 .064 .002
 Yes 0.91 (0.16) 0.73 (0.09) 0.997 (0.017) 0.9998 (0.0008)
 Not sure 0.63 (0.30) 0.69 (0.11) 0.998 (0.010) 0.9996 (0.0014)
 No 0.57 (0.30) 0.67 (0.10) 0.991 (0.022) 0.9992 (0.0015)
Happy <.0001 .048 .019 .010
 Happy 0.88 (0.19) 0.72 (0.10) 0.997 (0.016) 0.9998 (0.0010)
 Neither happy/unhappy 0.67 (0.25) 0.69 (0.09) 0.997 (0.011) 0.9996 (0.0013)
 Unhappy 0.28 (0.17) 0.66 (0.12) 0.985 (0.028) 0.9990 (0.0017)

Missing observations for utility measures: n =28 (VAS); n=9 (GSF-derived utility); n=2 (SG); n=3 (TTO).

Bold text indicates a statistical significance with a p-value of less than 0.05.

Time-trade-off based on 3 months as greatest upper value.

a

Kruskall-Wallis.

b

ANOVA.