(A) Patients (n = 117, blue) treated with methylnaltrexone (MNTX) had a longer median overall survival (OS) compared with patients (n = 112, green) treated with placebo [76 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 43–109 versus 56 days, 95% CI 43–69; P = 0.033]. (B) In the MNTX arm, patients (n = 72, blue) with response to MNTX (laxation within 4 h after the first administration) had a longer median OS compared with patients (n = 45, green) without a response or treated with placebo (118 days, 95% CI 46–190 versus 58 days, 95% CI 3–113; P = 0.001). (C) Patients (n = 77, blue) with a response to treatment (laxation within 4 h after the first administration) had a longer median OS compared with patients (n = 152, green) without a response (118 days, 95% CI 59–177 versus 55 days, 95% CI 40–70; P < 0.001). (D) In disease other than cancer, patients (n = 62, blue) treated with MNTX had a similar OS compared with patients (n = 72, green) treated with placebo (medians not reached; P = 0.88).