Table 3.
Antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts from bark of P. pinnata.
| Tested organisms | Bark extracts | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absoluteethanol | Aqueous ethanol | Absolutemethanol | Aqueous methanol | Absoluteacetone | Aqueous acetone | Deionizedwater | Amoxicillin | Flumequine | |
| Diameter of inhibition zone (mm) | |||||||||
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 12.8 ± 0.8 bc | 16.3 ± 0.7 b | 15.6 ± 0.5 b | 21.5 ± 0.5 a | 11.6 ± 0.5 c | 12.3 ± 0.8 bc | 11.0 ± 0.3 c | 24.2± 1.2 a | ----- |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 10.3 ± 0.4 bc | 13.9 ± 0.4 b | 12.6 ± 0.4 bc | 19.3 ± 0.4 a | 9.2 ± 0.3 c | 9.8 ± 0.3 c | 10.0 ± 0.4 c | 21.3± 0.9 a | ----- |
| Escherichia coli | 8.8 ± 0.4 c | 11.3 ± 0.3 b | 10.8 ± 0.4 b | 16.7 ± 0.5 a | 8.1 ± 0.3 c | 8.4 ± 0.3 c | 8.0 ± 0.3 c | 18.2± 1.0 a | ----- |
| Aspergillus orazae | 13.1 ± 0.2 bc | 17.5 ± 0.2 b | 16.5 ± 0.7 b | 26.2 ± 0.8 a | 11.8 ± 0.4 bc | 12.1 ± 0.5 bc | 9.8 ± 0.3 c | ----- | 28.5 ± 1.2 a |
| Aspergillus niger | 12.9 ± 0.8 bc | 14.1 ± 0.6 ab | 13.5 ± 0.5 b | 24.7 ± 0.8 ab | 10.9 ± 0.4 bc | 9.0 ± 0.3 c | 8.5 ± 0.2 c | ----- | 26.2 ± 1.2 a |
| Fusarium solani | 12.0 ± 0.7 b | 13.1 ± 0.5 b | 11.7 ± 0.4 b | 22.9 ± 0.5 a | 9.2 ± 0.5 bc | 8.1 ± 0.3 c | 7.5 ± 0.2 c | ----- | 24.3 ± 1.2 a |
| Minimum inhibitory concentration (mg/mL) | |||||||||
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 51 ± 2 b | 48 ± 2 b | 36 ± 2 bc | 26 ± 1 c | 62 ± 1 a | 58 ± 2 a | 60 ± 2 a | 23 ± 1 d | ----- |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 60 ± 3 c | 58 ± 3 c | 39 ± 1 cd | 29 ± 3 d | 80 ± 2 a | 71 ± 1 b | 76 ± 3 ab | 25 ± 1 d | ----- |
| Escherichia coli | 66 ± 3 ab | 65 ± 1 ab | 41 ± 2 c | 36 ± 2 c | 86 ± 2 a | 78 ± 2 ab | 79 ± 2 b | 32 ± 2 d | ----- |
| Aspergillus orazae | 48 ± 1 ab | 46 ± 2 ab | 42 ± 2 b | 22 ± 1 b | 24 ± 1 a | 52 ± 2 a | 54 ± 1 a | ----- | 20 ± 1 c |
| Aspergillus niger | 51 ± 3 ab | 48 ± 3 ab | 46 ± 1 ab | 29 ± 2 b | 28 ± 2 a | 65 ± 3 a | 67 ± 2 a | ----- | 28 ± 1 c |
| Fusarium solani | 58 ± 2 ab | 55 ± 2 ab | 53 ± 3 ab | 36 ± 3 b | 36 ± 2 a | 72 ± 3 a | 74 ± 3 a | ----- | 33 ± 2 c |
Values are mean ± SD of three separate experiments. Different superscript letters within the same row indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences of means within the extracting solvents.