Table 4.
Antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts from leaves of P. pinnata.
| Tested organisms | Leaves extracts | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute ethanol | Aqueous ethanol | Absolute methanol | Aqueous methanol | Absolute acetone | Aqueous acetone | Deionized water | Amoxicillin | Flumequine | |
| Diameter of inhibition zone (mm) | |||||||||
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 10.6 ± 0.3 c | 12.1 ± 0.6 bc | 12.6 ± 0.4 bc | 16.2 ± 0.8 b | 10.0 ± 0.4 c | 11.0 ± 0.5 c | 9.20 ± 0.2 c | 24.2 ± 1.2 a | ----- |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 9.3 ± 0.2 bc | 10.6 ± 0.4 bc | 10.1 ± 0.3 bc | 14.5 ± 0.5 b | 8.20 ± 0.3 c | 9.30 ± 0.4 bc | 7.50 ± 0.2 c | 21.3 ± 0.9 a | ----- |
| Escherichia coli | 8.0 ± 0.1 bc | 8.40 ± 0.3 bc | 8.20 ± 0.3 bc | 10.2 ± 0.4 b | 7.50 ± 0.2 bc | 8.50 ± 0.3 bc | 6.90 ± 0.3 c | 18.2 ± 1.0 a | ----- |
| Aspergillus orazae | 12.6 ± 0.4 bc | 14.0 ± 0.8 b | 12.3 ± 0.7 bc | 15.7 ± 0.8 b | 10.9 ± 0.5 bc | 11.6 ± 0.5 bc | 9.50 ± 1.2 c | ----- | 28.5 ± 1.2 a |
| Aspergillus niger | 11.0 ± 0.2 bc | 10.8 ± 0.5 bc | 10.6 ± 0.4 bc | 13.5 ± 0.7 b | 9.00 ± 0.4 bc | 8.60 ± 0.4 bc | 8.30 ± 0.3 c | ----- | 26.2 ± 1.2 a |
| Fusarium solani | 9.4 ± 0.1 bc | 10.0 ± 0.4 bc | 7.00 ± 0.2 c | 11.6 ± 0.4 b | 8.00 ± 0.3 bc | 7.80 ± 0.2 bc | 7.30 ± 0.2 c | ----- | 24.3 ± 1.1 a |
| Minimum inhibitory concentration (mg/mL) | |||||||||
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 92 ± 1 a | 89 ± 2 b | 86 ± 3 b | 80 ± 1 b | 106 ± 1 a | 98 ± 1 a | 109 ± 1 a | 23 ± 1 c | ----- |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 96 ± 2 a | 92 ± 3 b | 96 ± 2 b | 88 ± 3 b | 110 ± 1 a | 108 ± 1 a | 119 ± 2 a | 25 ± 1 c | ----- |
| Escherichia coli | 127 ± 2 a | 122 ± 1 b | 121 ± 1 b | 90 ± 2 b | 127 ± 3 a | 113 ± 2 a | 129 ± 1 a | 32 ± 2 c | ----- |
| Aspergillus orazae | 90 ± 2 ab | 85 ± 2 ab | 81 ± 2 ab | 72 ± 3 b | 110 ± 1 a | 108 ± 1 a | 109 ± 3 a | ----- | 20 ± 1 c |
| Aspergillus niger | 95 ± 2 ab | 90 ± 2 ab | 90 ± 2 ab | 81 ± 2 b | 112 ± 2 a | 110 ± 1 a | 108 ± 1 a | ----- | 28 ± 1 c |
| Fusarium solani | 112 ± 2 ab | 109 ± 2 ab | 106 ± 1 ab | 90 ± 2 b | 119 ± 1 a | 116 ± 1 a | 117 ± 2 a | ----- | 33 ± 2 c |
Values are mean ± SD of three separate experiments. Different superscript letters within the same row indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences of means within the extracting solvents.