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Steady state reaction rates of 7 mol % Eu(OTf)3- (○) or Eu(NO3)3-catalyzed (□) Mukaiyama aldol reactions in 0–40% H2O/THF mixtures (v/v). Regression lines represent the rate dependence on anion identity and solvent composition. Note: 10% H2O in THF (v/v) corresponds to the solvent composition at which Eu(OTf)3 is saturated with water (Figure 2). Error bars represent the standard error of the mean of three independently prepared samples.
